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Question
Describe the conformers of n – butane.
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Solution
- Conformations of n-Butane:
n-Butane may be considered as a derivative of ethane, as one hydrogen on each carbon is replaced by a methyl group - Eclipsed conformation:
In this conformation, the distance between the two methyl group is minimum. So there is maximum repulsion between them and it is the least stable conformer. - Anti or staggered form:
In this conformation, the distance between the two methyl groups is maximum and so there is minimum repulsion between them. And it is the most stable conformer. - The following potentially energy diagram shows the relative stabilities of various conformers of n-butane.
potential energy of a n-butane molecule as a funtion of the angle φ of bond rotation
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