Question

Consider the plane S formed by the dipole axis and the axis of earth. Let P be point on the magnetic equator and in S. Let Q be the point of intersection of the geographical and magnetic equators. Obtain the declination and dip angles at P and Q.

Answer 1

Let point P is in the plane, S needle is in north, so the declination is zero.

Q is the point of intersection between geographical meridian and magnetic meridian. So angle dip at P and Q will be zero with horizontal as magnetic middle stay horizontally.

As angle between axis of rotation of earth and magnetic axis is 11.3° and their respective equators are at 90° with their respective axis.

From figure,

For point P: Since point P lies in plane S formed by the dipole axis and the axis of the Earth, declination is zero.

For point Q: Since point Q lies on the magnetic equator, angle of dip is zero. Thus the angle of declination is 11.3°.