Question

By means of labelled diagrams only, bring out the essential differences in the structure of a dicotyledonous and a monocotyledonous seed.

Answer 1

Dicot Seed (e.g. Bean):

1. A dicot seed possesses two cotyledons.
2. In dicot seeds, the pericarp is fused with the testa (seed coat).
3. Dicot seeds are non-endospermic, as the endosperm is completely used up during seed development.
4. In dicot seeds, food is stored in the cotyledons.
5. In dicot seeds, the plumule and radicle are not covered by any protective sheath.

Monocot Seed (e.g. Maize):

1. A monocot seed possesses a single cotyledon.
2. In monocot seeds, the pericarp is free from the testa.
3. Monocot seeds are endospermic, with a large persistent endosperm.
4. In monocot seeds, food is stored in the endosperm.
5. In monocot seeds, the plumule is enclosed by a coleoptile and the radicle is enclosed by a coleorhiza.