Question

Assertion (A): A machine can have mechanical advantage greater than its velocity ratio.

Reason (R): A machine always has efficiency less than 100%.

Options

• Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion.

• Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correction explanation of Assertion.

• Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

• Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.

Answer 1

Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Explanation:

A practical machine always has an efficiency under 100% because energy is lost to friction and the weight of its moving parts.

Since efficiency equals MA divided by VR, an efficiency below 100% mathematically means the Mechanical Advantage (MA) will always be less than the Velocity Ratio (VR).