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Question
Answer the following question.
State the importance of a Genetic code in protein biosynthesis.
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Solution
The genetic code is a set of three different nucleotides taken at a time that code for a specific amino acid.
- A codon is a triplet. 3 4 = 64 (61 codons code for amino acids while 3 are stop codons)
- One codon codes for a single specific amino acid. Codons are unambiguous.
- Codons are degenerate since some amino acids are coded by more than one codon.
- The genetic code is universal. 1 codon codes for the same amino acid in all species.
- Codons are read continuously. They lack punctuation.
- AUG has dual functions - Codes for Methionine and acts as a start codon
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AUG on the mRNA will result in the activation of which of the following RNA having the correct combination of amino acids:
| Site A | Site B | |
| A. | UAC | Methionine |
| B. | Methionine | UAC |
| C. | Methionine | AUG |
| D. | AUG | Methionine |
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A single base mutation in a gene may not ‘always’ result in loss or gain of function. Do you think the statement is correct? Defend your answer.
Who proposed that the genetic code for amino acids should be made up of three nucleotides?
