Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
State second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy.
Advertisements
Solution 1
Statement: “The second law of thermodynamics states that total entropy of a system and its surroundings increases in a spontaneous process.”
For the process to be spontaneous,
`triangle "S"_"total" = triangle "S"_"sys" + triangle "S"_"surr"` > 0.
Solution 2
Second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy:
The second law of thermodynamics states that, “The total entropy of the system and its surroundings (universe) increases in a spontaneous process”.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Define entropy.
In which of the following, entropy of the system decreases?
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
State whether ΔS is positive, negative or zero for the reaction 2H(g) → H2(g). Explain.
Answer the following in one or two sentences.
Comment on the spontaneity of reactions for which ∆H is positive and ∆S is negative.
Answer in brief.
What is entropy? Give its units.
Answer the following question.
Although ΔS for the formation of two moles of water from H2 and O2 is –327J K–1, it is spontaneous. Explain.
(Given ΔH for the reaction is –572 kJ).
For a certain reaction ΔH° = 219 kJ and ΔS° = –21 J/K. Determine whether the reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous.
Answer the following question.
Determine whether the following reaction is spontaneous under standard state conditions.
2H2O(l) + O2(g) → 2H2O2(l)
if ΔH° = 196 kJ, ΔS° = –126 J/K, does it have a cross-over temperature?
One mole of NaCl(s) on melting absorbed 30.5 kJ of heat and its entropy increased by 28.8 J K−1. The melting point of NaCl is ____________.
Arrange the following in order of increasing entropy.
I. 1.0 mol H2O (298 K, 1 atm)
II. 1.0 mol H2O (270 K, 1 atm)
III. 1.0 mol H2O (400 K, 1 atm)
For the reaction:
\[\ce{2Cl_{(g)} -> Cl2_{(g)}}\]
Which one of the following has ΔS0 greater than zero?
Which of the following conditions indicates the reaction is spontaneous?
At what temperature, a chemical reaction will have the following values of ∆G, ∆S and ∆H?
∆G = −5.2 KJ mol−1, ∆H = 145.6 kJ mol−1, ∆S = −216 kJ mol−1
When will be change in Gibb's free energy always negative?
Identify the unit used for measurement of energy according to international system of units?
The criterion for a spontaneous process is ______.
Standard enthalpy and standard entropy changes for the oxidation of ammonia at 298 K are −382.64 kJ mol−1 and −145.6 JK−1 mol−1, respectively. Standard Gibb's energy change for the same reaction at 298 K is ______.
Dinitrogen and dioxygen combined to form nitrous oxide in equilibrium at 850 K. The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 0.56. If the equilibrium concentration of nitrous oxide gas is 3 × 10-3 M and both dinitrogen and dioxygen have the same concentration, then what will be the concentration of dinitrogen gas in M?
Identify whether the following pair have larger entropy or not. If yes then Why?
He(g) in a volume of 1 L or He(g) in a volume of 5 L both at 25°C.
Identify whether the following pair have a larger entropy or not. If yes then Why?
O2{g) at 1 atm or O2(g) at 10 atm both at the same temperature.
Write the relationship between Gibbs energy change for a process and total entropy change of system and surroundings.
What is a spontaneous process? What are its characteristics?
Calculate ΔG0 for the reaction
\[\ce{CH_{4(g)} + H_{2(g)}-> C2H_{6(g)}}\]
State whether the reaction is spontaneous or not. (Given: KP = 3.358 × 1017, T = 25° C, R = 8.314 × 10−3 kJK−1 moI−1)
Which of the following is true about the decomposition of ozone?
The entropy of vaporisation of benzene is 85 J K−1 mol−1. When 117 g of benzene vaporises at its boiling point, what is the entropy change of the surroundings if the process is at equilibrium?
Change in Gibbs energy for a certain reaction at 300 K is –24 kJ and change in enthalpy is –16 kJ. What is the entropy change of the reaction?
