हिंदी

Answer the following in one or two sentences. State second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy.

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प्रश्न

Answer the following in one or two sentences.

State second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy.

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उत्तर १

Statement: “The second law of thermodynamics states that total entropy of a system and its surroundings increases in a spontaneous process.”

For the process to be spontaneous,

`triangle "S"_"total" = triangle "S"_"sys" + triangle "S"_"surr"` > 0.

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उत्तर २

Second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy:
The second law of thermodynamics states that, “The total entropy of the system and its surroundings (universe) increases in a spontaneous process”.

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अध्याय 4: Chemical Thermodynamics - Exercises [पृष्ठ ८७]

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बालभारती Chemistry [English] Standard 12 Maharashtra State Board
अध्याय 4 Chemical Thermodynamics
Exercises | Q 2.6 | पृष्ठ ८७

संबंधित प्रश्न

Define entropy.


In which of the following, entropy of the system decreases?


Answer the following in one or two sentences.

State whether ΔS is positive, negative or zero for the reaction 2H(g)  →  H2(g). Explain.


Answer the following in one or two sentences.

If the enthalpy change of a reaction is ∆H how will you calculate the entropy of surroundings?


Answer the following question.

Although ΔS for the formation of two moles of water from H2 and O2 is –327J K–1, it is spontaneous. Explain.
(Given ΔH for the reaction is –572 kJ).


For a certain reaction ΔH° = 219 kJ and ΔS° = –21 J/K. Determine whether the reaction is spontaneous or nonspontaneous.


A system is changed from an initial state to a final state by a manner such that ∆H = Q. If the change from initial state to final state was made by a different path, then ____________.


Identify the INCORRECT statement.


Arrange the following in order of increasing entropy.

I. 1.0 mol H2O (298 K, 1 atm)

II. 1.0 mol H2O (270 K, 1 atm)

III. 1.0 mol H2O (400 K, 1 atm)


In how many of the following, ∆S is positive?

i. Melting of ice

ii. Sublimation of iodine

iii. Dissolution of CuSO4 in water

iv. Condensation of water vapour

v. Dissociation of H2 molecule into atoms

vi. Conversion of carbon dioxide gas to dry ice

vii. Vaporization of acetone


In which of the following, ∆S is positive?


Which of the following conditions indicates the reaction is spontaneous?


Which of following is residual entropy of a substance?


Standard molar entropy is ______.


Calculate the amount of heat liberated during formation of 2. 7 kg of water if heat of formation of water is - 284.5 kJ mol-1.


The H-H bond energy is 430 kJ mol-1 and Cl-Cl bond energy is 240 kJ mol-1. ΔfH for HCl is - 90 kJ, then H-Cl bond energy is ______.


The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10, value of ΔG° at 300 K is (R = 8 × 10-3 kJ)


For which of the following reaction, ΔH = ΔU?


Identify the unit used for measurement of energy according to international system of units?


A reaction is spontaneous at low temperatures but non-spontaneous at high temperatures. Which of the following is true for the reaction?


The criterion for a spontaneous process is ______.


Write the correct condition for spontaneity in terms of Gibbs energy.


Identify whether the following pair have larger entropy or not. If yes then Why?

He(g) in a volume of 1 L or He(g) in a volume of 5 L both at 25°C.


Identify whether the following pair have a larger entropy or not. If yes then Why?

O2{g) at 1 atm or O2(g) at 10 atm both at the same temperature.


Calculate ΔG0 for the reaction

\[\ce{CH_{4(g)} + H_{2(g)}-> C2H_{6(g)}}\]

State whether the reaction is spontaneous or not. (Given: KP = 3.358 × 1017, T = 25° C, R = 8.314 × 10−3 kJK−1 moI−1)


Change in Gibbs energy for a certain reaction at 300 K is –24 kJ and change in enthalpy is –16 kJ. What is the entropy change of the reaction?


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