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Question
Answer the following in brief :
Ammonia serves as a Lewis base whereas AlCl3 is Lewis acid. Explain.
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Solution
i. According to Lewis's theory, an acid is a substance that can accept a share in an electron pair. In the AlCl3 molecule, the octet of Al is incomplete. Therefore, it can accept an electron pair to complete its octet. Hence, AlCl3 acts as a Lewis acid.
ii. According to Lewis's theory, a base is a substance that can donate an electron pair. In the ammonia (NH3) molecule, the nitrogen atom has one lone pair of electrons to donate. Hence, NH3 acts as a Lewis base.
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