Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
A potential difference (V) is applied across a conductor of length 'L' and cross-sectional area 'A'.
How will the drift velocity of electrons and the current density be affected if another identical conductor of the same material were connected in series with the first conductor? Justify your answers.
Advertisements
Solution
We know,
Drift velocity, `v_d = (eE)/mtau ⇒ (eV)/(mL)tau`
Current density, J = `I/A`
If another conductor of the same length will be connected in series. I will remain the same and my potential will become half. So, drift velocity will become half and current density will remain the same.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
Derive an expression for drift velocity of free electrons.
How does drift velocity of electrons in a metallic conductor vary with increase in temperature? Explain.
Why alloys like constantan and manganin are used for making standard resistors?
A conductor of length ‘l’ is connected to a dc source of potential ‘V’. If the length of the conductor is tripled by gradually stretching it, keeping ‘V’ constant, how will (i) drift speed of electrons and (ii) resistance of the conductor be affected? Justify your answer.
Electrons are emitted by a hot filament and are accelerated by an electric field, as shown in the figure. The two stops at the left ensure that the electron beam has a uniform cross-section.
The position-time relation of a particle moving along the x-axis is given by x = a - bt + ct2 where a, band c are positive numbers. The velocity-time graph of the particle is ______.
At room temperature, copper has free electron density of 8.4 × 1028 per m3. The copper conductor has a cross-section of l0−6 m2 and carries a current of 5.4 A. The electron drift velocity in copper is:
The relaxation time τ is nearly independent of applied E field whereas it changes significantly with temperature T. First fact is (in part) responsible for Ohm’s law whereas the second fact leads to variation of ρ with temperature. Elaborate why?
- Consider circuit in figure. How much energy is absorbed by electrons from the initial state of no current (ignore thermal motion) to the state of drift velocity?
- Electrons give up energy at the rate of RI2 per second to the thermal energy. What time scale would one associate with energy in problem (a)? n = no of electron/volume = 1029/m3, length of circuit = 10 cm, cross-section = A = (1mm)2
Explain how free electrons in a metal at constant temperature attain an average velocity under the action of an electric field. Hence, obtain an expression for it.
