Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
A nuclide 1 is said to be the mirror isobar of nuclide 2 if Z1 = N2 and Z2 = N1. (a) What nuclide is a mirror isobar of 1123 Na? (b) Which nuclide out of the two mirror isobars have greater binding energy and why?
Advertisements
Solution
Mirror nuclei are nuclei where the number of protons of element one (Z1) equals the number of neutrons of element two (N2), the number of protons of element two (Z2) equal the number of neutrons in element one (N1) and the mass number is the same.
Pairs of mirror nuclei have the same spin and parity. If we constrain to an odd number of nucleons (A), then w find mirror nuclei that differ from one another by exchanging a proton with a neutron. Interesting to observe is their binding energy which is mainly due to the strong interaction and also due to Coulomb interaction. Since the strong interaction is invariant to protons and neutrons one can expect these mirror nuclei to have very similar binding energies.
(a) According to the question, nuclide 1 is said to be the mirror isobar of nuclide 2, if Z1 = N2 and Z2 = N1.
Now In 11Na23, Z1 = 11, N1, = 23 – 11 = 12
∴ Mirror isobar of 11Na23 is 12Mg23, for which Z2 = 12 = N1 and N2 = 23 – 12 = 11 = Z1
(b) We know 1223Mg contains even number of protons (12) against 1123Na which has odd number of protons (11), therefore 1123Mg has greater binding energy than 11Na23.
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
In the study of Geiger-Marsdon experiment on scattering of α particles by a thin foil of gold, draw the trajectory of α-particles in the coulomb field of target nucleus. Explain briefly how one gets the information on the size of the nucleus from this study.
From the relation R = R0 A1/3, where R0 is constant and A is the mass number of the nucleus, show that nuclear matter density is independent of A
The three stable isotopes of neon: `""_10^20"Ne"`, `""_10^21"Ne"` and `""_10^22"Ne"` have respective abundances of 90.51%, 0.27% and 9.22%. The atomic masses of the three isotopes are 19.99 u, 20.99 u and 21.99 u, respectively. Obtain the average atomic mass of neon.
Obtain approximately the ratio of the nuclear radii of the gold isotope `""_97^197 "Au"` and the silver isotope `""_47^197"Ag"`.
Find the Q-value and the kinetic energy of the emitted α-particle in the α-decay of `""_88^226 "Ra"`.
Given `"m"(""_88^226"Ra")` = 226.02540 u, `"m"(""_86^222 "Rn")` = 222.01750 u,
`"m"(""_86^220 "Rn")`= 220.01137 u, `"m"(""_84^216 "Po")`= 216.00189 u.
Name a material which is used in making control rods in a nuclear reactor.
With the help of a suitable example and an equation, explain the term pair production.
Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 1: 2. What is the ratio of their nuclear densities?
Potassium-40 can decay in three modes. It can decay by β−-emission, B*-emission of electron capture. (a) Write the equations showing the end products. (b) Find the Q-values in each of the three cases. Atomic masses of `""_18^40Ar` , `""_19^40K` and `""_20^40Ca` are 39.9624 u, 39.9640 u and 39.9626 u respectively.
(Use Mass of proton mp = 1.007276 u, Mass of `""_1^1"H"` atom = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron mn = 1.008665 u, Mass of electron = 0.0005486 u ≈ 511 keV/c2,1 u = 931 MeV/c2.)
The atomic mass of Uranium `""_92^238"U"` is 238.0508 u, while that of Thorium `""_90^234"Th"` is 234.0436u, and that of Helium `""_2^4"He"` "is 4.0026u. Alpha decay converts `""_92^238"U"` into `""_92^234"Th"` as, shown below:
`""_92^238"U" -> ( ""_90^234"Th" + ""_2^4"He" + "Energy" )`
A vessel contains oil (density 0.8 g/cm3) over mercury (density 13.6 g/cm3). A sphere of homogeneous composition floats with half its volume immersed in mercury and the other half in oil. The density of the material of the sphere in g/cm3 is ______.
A nucleus yYx emits one α and two β particles. The resulting nucleus is ______.
Two cars of mass m1 and m2 are moving in circles of radii r1 and r2, respectively. Their speeds are such that they make complete circles at the same time t. The ratio of their centripetal acceleration is:
The valance electrons in alkali metal is a:-
Are the nucleons fundamental particles, or do they consist of still smaller parts? One way to find out is to probe a nucleon just as Rutherford probed an atom. What should be the kinetic energy of an electron for it to be able to probe a nucleon? Assume the diameter of a nucleon to be approximately 10–15 m.
Deuteron is a bound state of a neutron and a proton with a binding energy B = 2.2 MeV. A γ-ray of energy E is aimed at a deuteron nucleus to try to break it into a (neutron + proton) such that the n and p move in the direction of the incident γ-ray. If E = B, show that this cannot happen. Hence calculate how much bigger than B must E be for such a process to happen.
Distinguish between isotopes and isobars.
James Chadwick, in 1932 studied the emission of neutral radiations when Beryllium nuclei were bombarded with alpha particles. He concluded that emitted radiations were neutrons and not photons. Explain.
