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Question
A hollow sphere and a solid sphere having same mss and same radii are rolled down a rough inclined plane.
Options
The hollow sphere reaches the bottom first.
The solid sphere reaches the bottom with greater speed
The solid sphere reaches the bottom with greater kinetic energy.
The two spheres will reach the bottom with same linear momentum.
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Solution
The solid sphere reaches the bottom with greater speed.
Acceleration of a sphere on the incline plane is given by
\[a = \frac{g\sin\theta}{1 + \frac{I_{COM}}{m r^2}}\]
\[ I_{COM}\] for a solid sphere \[= \frac{2}{5}m r^2 \]
\[\text{So, }a = \frac{g\sin\theta}{1 + \frac{2m r^2}{5m r^2}} = \frac{5}{7}g\sin\theta\]
\[I_{COM}\] for a hollow sphere \[= \frac{2}{3}m r^2 \]
\[\text{So, }a' = \frac{g\sin\theta}{1 + \frac{2m r^2}{3m r^2}} = \frac{3}{5}g\sin\theta\]
The acceleration of the solid sphere is greater; therefore, it will reach the bottom with greater speed.
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