Nootan solutions for बायोलॉजी [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १२ आईएससी chapter 4 - Reproductive Health [Latest edition]

Infertility in human males is sometimes due to the failure of the spermatids to develop into mature sperm. This failure to mature is due to:

Identify from the following sexually transmitted diseases which does not specifically affect the sex organs.

In your opinion, what is the correct surgical procedure a contraceptive method?

One of the assisted reproductive technology in which a sperm is directly injected into ovum is called ______.

Intensely lactating mothers do not generally conceive due to the ______.

Emergency contraceptives are effective if used within 72 hours of ______.

IUDs ______ phagocytosis reaction in the uterus.

Copper ions-releasing IUDs are more ______ than non-medicated methods.

Saheli is a ______ contraceptive pill with very few side effects and high contraceptive value.

______ involves taking the egg and sperm from the human body and introducing them directly to the fallopian tube before fertilization has occurred.

State True/False with explanation.

Creating awareness about sex-related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people.

State True/False with explanation.

Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

Reproductive health refers only to healthy reproductive functions.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

The present population growth rate in India is alarming.

State whether the following statement is true or false.

STDs can be considered as self-invited diseases.

A pregnant woman wanted to know whether her foetus was normal or not. She went to a doctor who found that the foetus was male with one sex chromatin body in the cells. Name the technique the doctor used.

Name a pre-natal diagnostic technique to determine the sex of a baby.

What kind of information can be provided by amniocentesis?

Give one reason for a statutory ban on amniocentesis.

Mention one positive application of amniocentesis.

Mention one negative application of amniocentesis.

Name any three assisted reproductive technologies that help infertile couples to have children.

Expand:

GIFT

Expand the following.

ICSI

Give a scientific term for the surgical removal of a section of fallopian tube.

Why is ‘Saheli’ considered an effective contraceptive for women to space children?

Name an IUD that you would recommend to promote the cervix hostility to the sperms.

Mention any two events that are inhibited by the intake of oral contraceptive pills to prevent pregnancy in humans.

Name the surgical method advised to human females and males as a means of birth control.

State one reason why breast-feeding the baby acts as a natural contraceptive for the mother.

Name any two copper releasing IUDs. How do they act as effective contraceptives in human females?

Comment on the essential features required for an ideal contraceptive.

Name two intrauterine contraceptive devices that affect the motility of sperms.

Reproductive health refers only to healthy reproductive functions. Comment.

Expand the following abbreviation:

IUCD

Mention the problems that are taken care of by reproduction and child health care programme.

Name two hormones that are constituents of contraceptive pills.

Why do contraceptive pills have high and effective contraceptive value?

Which is the most commonly prescribed non-steroidal oral contraceptive pill in India?

Write the full form of the following abbreviation:

MTP

What is the full form of IVF?

The following is well-known abbreviation, which have been used in this chapter. Expand to its full form:

HIV

What is genetic counselling?

Explain the role of a genetic counsellor.

Write a brief note on the causes of infertility.

Write a short note on gonorrhoea.

Write a short note on syphilis.

Give four causes of infertility in males.

Define amniocentesis.

Give the role of amniocentesis.

Name the causative agent of gonorrhea.

Give any one a symptom of gonorrhea.

The technique used to detect the genetic defects in the developing embryo is ______.

Which of the following is a physical contraceptive device?

The abbreviation IUCD stands for ______.

Which of the following is the most important component of a contraceptive pill?

In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters. Can you explain why this is not correct?

In our society the women are often blamed for giving birth to daughters. Can you explain why this is not correct?

Breast-feeding during the initial period of infant growth is recommended by doctors for bringing up a healthy baby. Can you assign any reason for this recommendation?

Medically it is advised to all young mothers that breast-feeding is the best for their newborn babies. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.

IUDs are ideal contraceptives for the females who want to delay pregnancy and/or space children. Explain.

‘A proper understanding of the menstrual cycle can help immensely in family planning.’ Do you agree with the statement? Provide reasons for your answer.

In GIFT, gametes are transferred to the fallopian tube. Can gametes be transferred to the uterus to achieve the same result?

Our government has intentionally imposed strict conditions for M.T.P. in our country. Justify giving a reason.

What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?

Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.

Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?

Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.

What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?

Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.

Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?

Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.

Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.

What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?

State True/False with explanation.

Abortions could happen spontaneously too.

State True/False with explanation.

Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner.

State True/False with explanation.

Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception.

State True/False with explanation.

Creating awareness about sex-related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people.

Correct the following statement:

Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.

Correct the following statement:

All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.

Correct the following statement:

Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.

Correct the following statement:

In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.

A couple where both husband and wife are producing functional gametes, but the wife is still unable to conceive, is seeking medical aid. Describe any one method that you can suggest to this couple to become happy parents.

Identify a, b, c and d in the following table with reference to birth control:

Your school has been selected by the Department of Education to organize and host an interschool seminar on “Reproductive Health – Problems and Practices”. However, many parents are reluctant to permit their wards to attend it. Their argument is that the topic is “too embarrassing.” Put forth four arguments with appropriate reasons and explanation to justify the topic to be very essential and timely.

It is commonly observed that parents feel embarrassed to discuss freely with their adolescent children about sexuality and reproduction. The result of this parental inhibition is that the children go astray sometimes. Explain the reasons that you feel are behind such embarrassment amongst some parents to freely discuss such issues with their growing children.

If implementation of better techniques and new strategies are required to provide more efficient care and assistance to people, then why is there a statutory ban on amniocentesis? Write the use of this technique and give reason to justify the ban.

A large number of married couples the world over are childless. It is shocking to know that in India the female partner is often blamed for the couple being childless.

1. Why in your opinion the female partner is often blamed for such situations in India? Mention any two values that you as a biology student can promote to check this social evil.
2. State any two reasons responsible for the cause of infertility.
3. Suggest a technique that can help the couple to have a child where the problem is with male partner.

After a brief medical examination a healthy couple came to know that both of them are unable to produce functional gametes and should look for an ‘ART’ (Assisted Reproductive Technique). Name the ‘ART’ and the procedure involved that you can suggest to them to help them bear a child.

A woman has certain queries as listed below, before starting with contraceptive pills. Answer them.

What do contraceptive pills contain and how do they act as contraceptives?

A woman has certain queries as listed below, before starting with contraceptive pills. Answer them.

What schedule should be followed for taking these pills?

An infertile couple is advised to adopt test-tube baby programme. Describe two principle procedures adopted for such technologies.

Reproductive and Child Healthcare (RCH) programmes are currently in operation. One of the major tasks of these programmes is to create awareness amongst people about the wide range of reproduction related aspects. As this is important and essential for building a reproductively healthy society.

1. “Providing sex education in schools in one of the ways to meet this goal.” Give four points in support of your opinion regarding this statement.
2. List any two ‘indicators’ that indicate a reproductively healthy society.

Differentiate between tubectomy and vasectomy.