NCERT solutions for साइकोलॉजी [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १२ chapter 6 - Attitude and Social Cognition [Latest edition]

Which Picture will Make You More Eager to Buy a Laptop - Picture A, or Picture B ? Why?

Face-to-face Interaction versus Media Transmission. Which one works better? Why?

Cut out an advertisement from a newspaper or magazine, that contains something special and catches your attention. Write down the following details about that advertisement, and present it to your class.

• The topic of the advertisement (for example, whether the advertisement is about a consumer product, some food, a company, a health matter, a national theme, etc.).
• Good and bad consequences of the advertisement.
• Whether it contains an emotional appeal or a rational appeal.
• Whether it contains a popular figure: an expert source, or a well-liked person.

Define attitude.

Discuss the components of an attitude.

Are attitudes learnt? Explain how?

What are the factors that influence the formation of an attitude?

Is behaviour always a reflection of one’s attitude? Explain with a relevant example.

Differentiate between prejudice and stereotype.

Prejudice can exist without discrimination and vice versa. Comment.

Your friend eats too much junk food, how would you be able to bring about a change in her/his attitude towards food?

Attitudes Towards and Awareness of Waste Management: A Survey

The problem of household garbage (domestic waste) is common in most Indian cities. The concern for a clean environment is increasing, but we do not know to what extent citizens know how to dispose of the garbage that collects in their household. Along with some of your classmates, conduct a survey in your own colony to find out what people do about household garbage. Each student may visit two houses in their colony, and ask the heads of the household the following questions. Their answers must be written down.

1. What do you do with old newspapers, magazines, tins, and bottles?
2. What do you do with plastic packets, and other plastic objects (for example, toys, containers etc.)?
3. How do you dispose of kitchen waste (e.g., vegetable and fruit peels, used tea leaves or tea-bags, left-over food that cannot be eaten etc.)?
4. How do you dispose of other used objects that contain chemical substances (e.g. torch cells, used or damaged CDs, cassettes, insecticide and pesticide containers etc.)?
5. Do you put all the garbage collected in your house everyday in the same place, or do you put different kinds of garbage in separate dustbins/waste-baskets?
6. What happens to the garbage that is collected from your house and neighbourhood and where is it taken?
7. What is the meaning of ‘recycling’?
8. What can you do (personally) to make your colony/neighbourhood more clean?

Compare the responses collected by all the students, and see what kind of attitudes and awareness people show about waste management at the household level.

Interpersonal Judgment Exercise

The following exercise will help you to see how well you and your best friend know each other.

For each quality listed below, give ratings for yourself (Column 1) and for your best friend in your class (Column 2). Also ask your friend to do the same kind of rating, for himself/herself (Column 1) and for you (Column 2). Use the following rating scale:

After you and your friend have completed the ratings, copy Column 2 ratings from your friend’s sheet on your sheet, under Column 3. Compare Column 3 ratings with Column 1 ratings in the case of each quality. Ask your friend to do the same task – that is, copy Column 2 ratings from your sheet on her/his sheet, under Column 3, and compare these ratings with her/his Column 1 ratings. Enter Column 3 minus Column 1 under Column 4.

Friendly
Tense
Sincere
Pleasant
Open to new ideas

Examine the following. Are there any zeros in Column 4? On which quality is the difference greatest? On which quality is the difference smallest (other than zero)? In general, have you given yourself a higher or lower rating than what your friend has given you? Has your friend given herself/himself a higher or lower rating than what you have given your friend? The sign of the difference (plus or minus) should be noted only to see the direction of the difference.

The closer the ratings between Column 1 and Column 3 for both of you, the better you know each other. You can also compare your Column 1 with your friend's Column 1. The more similar these two ratings are, the greater the similarity between you and your friend.