Frank solutions for केमिस्ट्री पार्ट २ [इंग्रजी] इयत्ता १० आयएससी chapter 6 - Electrolysis [Latest edition]

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
Which one is weak electrolyte?

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
Which among the following cations will discharge with ease at cathode?

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
Which among the following anions will discharge with ease at anode?

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
In electrolysis of molten lead bromine anode is made up of

Choose the correct answer from the option given below:
Electrolysis of acidulated water is used in the production of

Electrolysis is caused by ______.

In electrochemical series of anions, as we more from top to bottom, of oxidation:

Which of these will act as a non-electrolyte?

Assertion (A): Copper liberates hydrogen from a dilute solution of hydrochloric acid.

Reason (R): Hydrogen is below copper in electrochemical series.

Assertion (A): In electrolysis, the quantity of electricity needed for depositing 1 mole of silver is different from that required for 1 mole of copper.

Reason (R): The molecular weight of silver and copper are different.

Assertion (A): Sodium ions are discharged in preference to hydrogen ions at mercury cathode.

Reason (R): The nature of the cathode can affect the order of discharge of ions.

Assertion (A): If an aqueous solution of NaCl is electrolysed, the product obtained at cathode is H₂ gas and not Na.

Reason (R): Gases are liberated faster than the metals.

Assertion (A): Zinc reacts with H₂SO₄ to give H₂ gas but copper does not.

Reason (R): Zinc has higher reduction potential than copper.

Assertion (A): Zinc displaces copper from copper sulphate solution.

Reason (R): The E of Zn is −0.76V and that of Cu is +0.34V.

Assertion (A): In metals, the flow of electricity is due to flow of electrons whereas in electrolytic solution, the flow is due to ions.

Reason (R): Electrical conduction by metals and by electrolytic solution increases with increases of temperature.

Fill in the black.
The metal plate trough which current enters into an electrolyte is called ___________. It has ____________ of electrons.

Fill in the black.
The metal plate through which ____________ leaves from an electrolyte is called ____________ .It has ______________ of electrons.

Fill in the blank.
The ions which discharge on the negative electrode during electrolysis _____________ electrons, Thus the ions are said to be __________.

Fill in the blank :
The ions which discharge on the positive electrode during electrolysis ____________electrons. Thus, the ions are said to be _____________.

Fill in the blank :
Hydrogen and metallic ions are ____________ because they ____________ electrons.

Fill in the blank :
Non-metallic ions are _____________ because they _____________ electrons.

Name : A salt which is a weak electrolyte.

Name : A base which is not alkali

Name an inert electrode.

Name an active electrode.

Name : A positively charged not metallic ion

Name : A non-metallic element which is a conductor of electricity.

Name the following:

Main ore of aluminium.

Name the following:

Weak acidic electrolyte

Name the following:

Noble metal placed below hydrogen in electrochemical series.

Name the following:

Metal with amphoteric oxide placed above hydrogen in electrochemical series.

Define the term : Electrolysis

Define the term : Electrolyte

Define the term : Non-electrolyte

Define the following term:

Cation

Define the following term:

anion

From the given list :
NaCl, NaOH, H₂O (pure), NH₄OH, urea, dil.H₂SO₄, glucose, acetic acid, H₂CO_3.
Select : 
a) Substances which will behave as strong electrolytes.
b) Substances which will behave as weak electrolytes.
c) Substances which are non-elctrolytes.

With reference to the electrolysis of acidulated water, answer the following :
a) why distilled water is a non- electrolyte?
b) What is the electrolytic cell called?
c) State what you would observe at the (i) Cathode (ii) Anode
d) Summarize the electrode reactions.
e) why is electrolysis of acidulated water considered as an example of catalysis?

State your observation for the following electrolytic reaction:
Solid copper sulphate is electrolysed between platinum electrodes.

State your observation for the following electrolytic reaction
Aqueous copper sulphate is electrolysed between platinum electrodes.

State your observation for the following electrolytic reaction
Aqueous copper sulphate is electrolysed between copper electrodes.

Al⁺³ ,Cu⁺² ,Na⁺ ,Zn⁺² ions are present in aqueous solution, such that the concentration of ions is same, write the order of discharge of ions.

Amongst the OH^- ions and Br^- ions which are likely to discharge first?

Write the difference between with examples:
A strong electrolyte and a weak electrolyte

Write the difference between with examples:
Electrolytic dissociation and ionization

Explain electrolysis of lead bromide.

Give three applications of electrolysis.

Explain, why electrolysis is an example of redox reaction?

State the factors that influence the preferential discharge of ions at the electrodes.

Make a neatly labeled sketch to show how a brass spoon can be plated with silver. Explain your choice of electrolyte used.

Explain the term:

Electro refining

Explain the term : Electro metallurgy

Explain the term : Anode mud

How electrolysis can be used in extraction of aluminium?

Why aluminium cannot be reduced by conventional reducing agents?

Explain, why during the electrolysis of copper sulphate using copper electrodes, the colour of solution does not fade?

How is impure copper purified by electrolysis ? Explain.

List out the main applications of electrolysis.

How is electrolytic dissociation different from thermal dissociation?

A solution of caustic soda (NaOH) in water or when fused, conducts an electric current. what is the similarity in these two cases?

1. Which electrolyte is used for the extraction of calcium?
2. Give cathode and anode reaction involved in the above extraction?
3. Also suggest the electrodes used in the extraction of aluminium.

The following question relate to the electroplating of an article with silver.
Name the electrode formed by the article which is to be plated.

The following question relate to the electroplating of an article with silver.
What ions must be present in the electrolyte?

The following question relate to the electroplating of an article with silver.
 What should be the nature of the anode?

How is the passage of electricity through an electrolyte different from the passage of electricity through a copper wire?

The following questions are about electroplating of copper wire with silver.
(a) What ions must be present in the electrolyte?
(b) Of what substance must the anode be made up of?
(c) What will the cathode be made up of?
(d) Write the equation for the reaction which takes place at the cathode.

Define or explain the term: Electrolysis.

Why is it necessary to add acid to water before proceeding with electrolysis of 'water'?

Give one example of a substance which contain :
Ions only 

Give one example of a substance which contain :
both ions and molecules.

Give one example of a substance which contain :
molecules only

What is meant by the term ‘electrolyte’?

What are the particles present in a compound which is a non- electrolyte?

If an electrolyte is described as a 'strong electrolyte' what does this mean?

The following Question refer to the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution with copper electrodes:
(a) Compare the change in mass of the anode
(b) What is seen to happen to the colour of the copper sulphate solution if platinum electrodes are used? Explain the observation.
(c) What is the practical application of the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution? Briefly, describe one such application.

What should be the physical state of lead bromide if it is to conduct electricity?

What particles are present in pure lead bromide?

Write the equations for the reactions, which takes place at the electrodes during the electrolysis of lead bromide?

Choosing only words from the following list, write down the appropriate words to fill in the blanks (a) to (e) below:
anions, anode, cathode, cations, electrode, electrolyte, nickel, voltameter.

To electroplate an article with nickel requires an (a) ________ which must be a solution containing (b) ________ions. The article to be plated is placed as the (c) _________of the cell in which the plating is carried out. The (d)________ of the cell is made from pure nickel. The ions that are attracted to the negative electrode and discharged are called (e)________.

Correct the sentence by adding word(s)
The electrolysis of lead bromide liberates lead and bromine.

If a fused metallic chloride is electrolyzed, at which electrode would the metal be obtained?

Classify the following substances under three headings:

1. strong electrolytes
2. weak electrolytes
3. non-electrolytes

Acetic acid, ammonium chloride, ammonium hydroxide, carbon tetrachloride, dilute hydrochloric acid, sodium acetate, dilute sulphuric acid.

Write down the word or phrase from the given options that will correctly fill in the blanks in the following  sentence:
Pure water consists entirely of ________

Write down the word or phrase from the given options that will correctly fill in the blanks in the following  sentence:
We can expect that pure water _______ normally conduct electricity.

To carry out the so-called "electrolysis of water", sulphuric acid is added to water. How does the addition of sulphuric acid produce a conducting solution?

 Copy and complete the following sentence :
With platinum electrodes, hydrogen is liberated at the ______and oxygen at the _________ during the electrolysis of acidified water.

Copy and complete the following table which refers to two practical applications of electrolysis.

Complete the sentence by choosing correct words given in brackets.
Electrolysis is the passage of __________ (electricity/electrons) through a liquid or solution accompanied by a __________ ( physical/chemical ) change.

Element X is a metal with valency 2. Element Y is a non-metal with valency 3.
(a) Write equations to show how X and Y form ions.
(b) If Y is diatomic gas, write the equation for the direct combination of X and Y to form a compound.
(c) Write two applications of electrolysis in which anode diminish in mass.
(d) If the compound formed between X and Y is melted and an electric current passed through the molten compound, the element X will be obtained at the _____ and the Y at the ________of the electrolytic cell. (Provide the missing words).

What kind of particles will be found in a liquid compound which is a non- electrolyte?

If HX is a weak acid, what particles will be present in its dilute solution apart from those of water?

Choose the correct words to fill in the blanks.
Cations are formed by _______ (loss/ gain) of electrons and anions are formed by ________( loss/gain) of electrons.

What ions must be present in a solution used for electroplating a particular metal?

Explain how electrolysis is an example of Redox reaction.

Explain, why copper though a good conductor of electricity is, a non- electrolyte.

Name the gas released at the cathode when acidulated water is electrolyzed.

Explain, why solid sodium chloride does not allow electricity to pass through?

Fill in the blank.
As we descend the electrochemical series containing cations, the tendency of the cations to get ________ at the cathode increases.

Fill in the blank :
The _______ the concentration of an ion in a solution, the greater is the probability of its being discharged at its appropriate electrode.

Study the diagram given alongside and answer the questions that follow :

(i) Give the names of the electrode A and B.
(ii) Which electrode is oxidizing electrode?

A strip of copper is placed in four different colourless salt solutions. They are KNO₃, AgNO₃, Zn(NO₃)_2, Ca(NO₃)₂. Which one of the solutions will finally turn blue?

Write the equations of the reactions which take place at the cathode and anode when acidified water is electrolyzed.

A solution of silver nitrate is a good electrolyte but is not used for electroplating an article with silver.

Identify the following reactions as either oxidation or reduction : O + 2e^- → O^-2

Identify the following reactions as either oxidation or reduction : K - e^- → K⁺

Identify the following reactions as either oxidation or reduction : Fe⁺³ + e^-  → Fe⁺²

Choose A, B, C or D to match the descriptions (i) to (v) below . Some alphabets may be repeated.
(A) Non-electrolyte, (B) Strong electrolyte, (C) Weak electrolyte, (D) Metallic conductor
(i) Molten ionic compound
(ii) Carbon tetrachloride
(iii) An aluminium wire
(iv) A solution containing solvent molecules, solute molecules and ions formed by the dissociation of solute molecules
(v) A sugar solution with sugar molecules and water molecules.

The following is an extract from metals in the service of man, Alexander and street /Pelican 1976': Alumina (aluminium oxide) has a very high melting point over 2000^oC, so that I cannot readily be liquefied. However, conversion of alumina to aluminium and oxygen, by electrolysis, an occur when it is dissolved in some other substance.
(a) Which solution is used to react with bauxite as first step in obtaining pure aluminium oxide?
(b) The aluminium oxide for the electrolytic extraction of aluminium is obtained by heating aluminium hydroxide. Write the equation for this reaction.
(c) Name the element which serves both as the anode and the cathode in the extraction of aluminium.
(d) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during the extraction of aluminium.
(e) Write the equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode during extraction of aluminium by electrolysis.
(f) Give the equation for the reaction that occurs at the anode when aluminium is purified by electrolysis.

During the electrolysis of molten lead bromide, which of the following takes place?

Here is an electrode reaction:

\[\ce{Cu -> Cu^{2+} + 2e^-}\]

At which electrode (anode or cathode) would such a reaction take place? Is this an example of oxidation?

A solution contains magnesium ions (Mg⁺²), iron (II) ions (Fe⁺²) and copper ions (Cu⁺²). On passing an electric current through this solution, which ions will be the first to be discharged at the cathode? Write the equation for the cathode reaction.

Why is carbon tetrachloride, which is a liquid, a non-electrolyte?

The following is a sketch of an electrolytic cell used in the extraction of aluminium:

1. What is the substance of which the electrodes A and B are made?
2. At which electrode (A or B) is aluminium formed?
3. What are the two aluminium compounds in the electrolyte C?
4. Why is it necessary for electrode B to be continuously replaced?
   

A metal article is to be electroplated with silver. The electrolyte selected is sodium argentocyanide.

1. What kind of salt is sodium argentocyanide?
2. Why is it preferred to silver nitrate as an electrolyte?
3. State one condition to ensure that the deposit is smooth, firm and long lasting.
4. Write the reaction taking place at the cathode.
5. Write the reaction taking place at the anode.
   

Find the odd one out from the following and explain your choice : Al(OH)₃, Pb(OH)₂,Mg(OH)₂,Zn(OH)₂

Correct the following statement:

Lead bromide conducts electricity.

Aqueous solution of nickel sulphate contains \[\ce{Ni^{+2}}\] and \[\ce{SO^{-2}_{4}}\] ions.

1. Which ion moves towards the cathode?
2. What is the product at the anode?

Select the correct answer from the choices a,b,c and d which are given. Write only the letter corresponding to the correct answer.
A compound which liberates reddish brown gas around the anode during the electrolysis in its molten state is:______________

Select the correct answer from the choices a,b,c and d which are given. Write only the letter corresponding to the correct answer.
During ionization metals lose electrons, this change can be called _______________.

Mr Ramu wants electrolyte his key chain with nickel to prevent rusting. For this electroplating
(i) Name the electrolyte
(ii) Name the cathode
(iii) Name the anode
(iv) Give the reaction at the cathode
(v) Give the reaction at the anode

Three different electrolytic cells, A, B and C are connected in separate circuits. Electrolytic cell A contains a sodium chloride solution. When the circuit is completed, a bulb in the circuit glows brightly. Electrolytic cell B contains an acetic acid solution and in this case, the bulb in the circuit glows dimly. The electrolytic cell C contains a sugar solution and the bulb does not glow. Give a reason for each of these observations.

Give reasons as to why - the electrolysis of acidulated water is considered to be an example of catalysis.

Fill in the blank from the choices given below :

In covalent compounds, the bond is formed due to the ______ of electrons.

Fill in the blank from the choices given below :
Electro covalent compounds have a _____ boiling point

Fill in the blank from the choices given below :
A molecule of _____ contains a triple bond.

Differentiate between the electrical conductivity of copper sulphate solution and copper metal.

During the electrolysis of copper (II) sulphate solution using platinum as cathode and carbon as anode:

1. What do you observe at the cathode and at the anode?
2. What change is noticed in the electrolyte?
3. Write the reactions at the cathode and at the anode.

Copper sulphate solution is electrolyzed using copper electrodes. Study the diagram given alongside and answer the questions that follow.

1. Which electrode to your left or right is known as the oxidizing electrode and why?
2. Write the equation representing the reaction that occurs.
3. State two appropriate observations for the above electrolysis reactions.

Which of these will act as a non-electrolyte?

State one observation when electricity is passed through molten lead bromide.

When fused lead bromide is electrolyzed we observe

The electrolyte used for electroplating an article with silver is ______.

M is a metal above hydrogen in the activity series and its oxide has the formula M₂O. The oxide when dissolved in water forms the corresponding hydroxide which is a good conductor of electricity. In the above context answer the following:

1. What kind of combination exists between M and O?
2. How many electrons are there in the outermost shell of M?
3. Name the group to which M belongs.
4. State the reaction taking place at the cathode.
5. Name the product at the anode.

Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statement :
Zinc oxide can be reduced to zinc by using carbon monoxide, but aluminium oxide cannot be reduced by a reducing agent.

Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statement :
Carbon tetrachloride does not conduct electricity.

Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statement:

During electrolysis of molten lead bromide, graphite anode is preferred to other electrodes.

Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statement :
The electrical conductivity of acetic acid is less in comparision to the electrical conductivity of dilute sulphuric acid at a given concentration.

Give appropriate scientific reasons for the following statement :
Electrolysis of molten lead bromide is considered to be a redox reaction.

Differentiate between the terms strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte (stating any two differences)

Copy and complete the following table :

 Write the equation taking place at the anode.

Give reasons why sodium chloride will conduct electricity only in the fused or aqueous solution state.

Give reasons why in the electroplating of an article with silver, the electrolyte sodium argentocynide solution is preferred over silver nitrate solution.

Give reasons why although copper is a good conductor of electricity, it is a non-electrolyte.

Name the product formed at the anode during the electrolysis of acidified water using platinum electrodes

Name the metallic ions that should be present in the electrolyte when an article made copper is to be electroplated with silver

Write equations for the reactions taking place at the two electrodes (mentioning clearly the name of the electrode) during the electrolysis of acidified copper sulphate solution with copper electrodes.

Write equations for the reactions taking place at the two electrodes (mentioning clearly the name of the electrode) during the electrolysis of molten lead bromide with inert electrodes.

Identify the substance underlined in each of the following case :
he electrolyte used for electroplating an article with silver.

Identify the substance underlined in each of the following case :
The particles present in a liquid such as kerosene, that is non-electrolyte.

State the observation at the anode and at the cathode during the electrolysis of :
Fused lead bromide using graphite electrodes

State the observation at the anode and at the cathode during the electrolysis of :
Copper sulphate solution using copper electrodes.

Select the ion, that would get selectively discharge from the aqueous mixture of the ions listed below :
\[\ce{SO^{2-}_{4}}\], \[\ce{NO^{-}_{3}}\], \[\ce{OH-}\]

Select the ion, that would get selectively discharge from the aqueous mixture of the ions listed below :
Pb²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu⁺

The electrolysis of acidified water is an example of ______.

State one relevant observation:

At the anode, when molten lead bromide is electrolyzed using graphite electrodes.

Give a reason:

Conductivity of dilute hydrochloric acid is greater than that of acetic acid

Name the gas that is produced in the following case:

At the anode during the electrolysis of acidified water.

Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride solution will form ______ at the cathode.

Copy and complete the following table which refers to the conversion of ions to neutral particles.

For the electro-refining of copper:

1. What is the cathode made up of?
2. Write the reaction that takes place at the anode.

An electrolyte which completely dissociates into ions is ______.

State one observation for the following:

Copper sulphate piece of zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric acid.

Arrange the following according to the instruction given in bracket:

Mg, Cu², Na, H (in the order of preferential discharge at the cathode)

 Name the particles present in : 
Strong electrolyte 

Name the particles present in non-electrolyte.

The inert electrode used in the electrolysis of acidified water is ______.

State one relevant observation for the following reaction:

Graphite anode is preferred to platinum in the electrolysis of molten lead bromide.

The polar covalent compound in gaseous state does not conduct electricity is ______.

Choose the correct word which refers to the process of electrolysis from A to E to match the description (a) to (d):

A: Oxidation B: Cathode C: Anode D: An electrolyte E: Reduction

1. Conducts electricity in aqueous or in molten state.
2. Loss of electron takes place at anode.
3. A reducing electrode.
4. Electrode connected to the positive end or terminal of the battery.

Differentiate between the following pair based on the information given in the bracket.

Conductor and electrolyte (conducting particles)

An aqueous solution of nickel (II) sulphate was electrolysed using nickel electrodes. Observe the diagram and answer the questions that follow:

1. What do you observe at the cathode and anode respectively?
2. Name the cation that remains as a spectator ion in the solution.
3. Which equation for the reaction at the anode is correct?
   1. \[\ce{Ni -> Ni^{2+} + 2e-}\]
   2. \[\ce{Ni + 2e- -> Ni^{2+}}\]
   3. \[\ce{Ni^{2+} -> Ni + 2e-}\]
   4. \[\ce{Ni^{2+} + 2e- -> Ni}\]

Which of the following reactions takes place at the anode during the electroplating of an article with silver?

During electrolysis, the compound ______ in its molten state, liberates reddish brown fumes at the anode.

The ion which could be discharged most readily during electrolysis is ______.

Answer the following question with reference to the electrorefining of copper:

What is the anode made of?

Answer the following question with reference to the electrorefining of copper:

What do you observe at the cathode?

Answer the following questions with reference to the electrorefining of copper:

Write the reaction taking place at the cathode.

The following sketch represents the electroplating of an Iron cup with Nickel metal.

Study the diagram and answer the following questions:

1. During electroplating, the iron cup is placed at the cathode. Why?
2. Name the ion that must be present in the electrolyte.
3. State one condition that is necessary to ensure that the deposit is smooth, firm and even.
4. Write the reaction taking place at the cathode.
5. What change would you observe at the anode?

During the electrolysis of copper sulphate solution, if ______ is used as electrodes, the colour of the electrolyte does not fade.

State the term for the following:

Two metal plates or wires through which the current enters and leaves the electrolytic cell.

During electrolysis of acidulated water, the gas liberated at the anode is ______.