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प्रश्न
Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
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उत्तर
The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone. During the follicular phase, levels of FSH and LH secreted from the anterior pituitary begin to rise. FSH, guided by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, helps primary follicles grow into Graafian follicles.
As the follicle matures, it begins to secrete estrogen, which leads to the proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Estrogen also provides positive feedback to stimulate the surge of LH this LH surge causes ovulation, i.e., the rupture of the Graafian follicle and release of the ovum.
The ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone during the luteal phase. Progesterone helps in maintaining the endometrium and preparing it for possible implantation of the embryo.
If fertilisation does not occur, progesterone levels drop, the corpus luteum degenerates, and the endometrium sheds, marking the onset of menstruation. High levels of progesterone also inhibit FSH and LH, thereby preventing further ovulation in that cycle.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Describe the roles of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
Explain the role of pituitary and the ovarian hormones in menstrual cycle in human females
Mention one significant difference between Hormones of ovulatory phase and hormones of luteal phase
Give a significant point of difference between the oestrous and menstrual cycles.
Define the following term :
Ovulation
Choose the correct answer from the four options given below :
On which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation take place ?
Briefly describe the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle.
Explain the role of hormones during the menstrual cycle.
Give Reasons
The chances of pregnancy to occur are most favourable on or about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. Explain.
Complete the following sentences with appropriate word:
The human gestation period is about ____________.
Explain the importance of cleanliness during the time of menstrual cycle in girls.
Why menstrual cycle does not take place before puberty and during pregnancy?
Explain the various phases of the menstrual cycle.
Identify the phase of the menstrual cycle during which there is a peak in the level of progesterone.
Match the Columns.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Proliferative phase | a. | Breakdown of the endometrial lining |
| ii. | Secretory phase | b. | Follicular phase |
| iii. | Menstruation | c. | Luteal phase |
How long does the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle last?
Calculate the number of spermatozoa produced by a single primary spermatocyte.
Choose the correct order of phases of the menstrual cycle.
The temporary endocrine gland in humans is ______.
Which set is similar?
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
If the peak of Hormone A does not appear in the study for Subject 1, which of the following statement is true?
Menstruation normally occurs once in ______.
Define ovulation.
Why are menstrual cycles absent during pregnancy?
What role does pituitary gonadotropins play during follicular and ovulatory phases of menstrual cycle? Explain the shifts in steroidal secretions.
Which of the following statement is correct?
The graph given below shows the number of primordial follicles per ovary in women at different ages. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow.
- What is the average age of the women at the onset of menopause?
- At what age are maximum primordial follicles present in the ovary, according to the given graph?
The onset of menstruation in a human female is called ______.
Name these:
4 phases of the menstrual cycle.
