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प्रश्न
Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
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उत्तर
The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone. During the follicular phase, levels of FSH and LH secreted from the anterior pituitary begin to rise. FSH, guided by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, helps primary follicles grow into Graafian follicles.
As the follicle matures, it begins to secrete estrogen, which leads to the proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Estrogen also provides positive feedback to stimulate the surge of LH this LH surge causes ovulation, i.e., the rupture of the Graafian follicle and release of the ovum.
The ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone during the luteal phase. Progesterone helps in maintaining the endometrium and preparing it for possible implantation of the embryo.
If fertilisation does not occur, progesterone levels drop, the corpus luteum degenerates, and the endometrium sheds, marking the onset of menstruation. High levels of progesterone also inhibit FSH and LH, thereby preventing further ovulation in that cycle.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the menstrual phase in a human female. State the levels of ovarian and pituitary hormones during this phase.
What is menstrual cycle?
Mention one significant difference between Hormones of ovulatory phase and hormones of luteal phase
Give appropriate terms for each of the following process:
Fixing of developing zygote (blastocyst) on the uterine wall.
Choose the correct answer from the four options given below :
On which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation take place ?
Briefly describe the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle.
Define: Menarche
Give Reasons
The chances of pregnancy to occur are most favourable on or about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. Explain.
Give Technical Term:
The phase in the menstrual cycle in which the remnant of a follicle in the ovary turns to corpus luteum.
Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:
Menarche is the stoppage of menstruation.
Write the answers to the following questions by observing the figure below.
- What does the figure above show?
- Which organs are involved in this process?
- Which hormones are involved in this process?
- After how many days do these changes happen again?
- Explain your opinion about the statement that a woman's body is impure while the above process is going on.
What are the phases of the menstrual cycle? Indicate the changes in the ovary and uterus.
The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is also called the secretory phase. Give reason.
In the absence of fertilization, corpus luteum ____________.
____________ is transformed to corpus luteum during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Identify the INCORRECT statement.
The mammalian corpus luteum produces ______.
A human female reaches menopause aroung the age of ______.
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
The peak observed in Subject 1 and 2 is due to ______
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
For subject 2 it is observed that the peak for hormone B has reached the plateau stage. After approximately how much time will the curve for hormone B descend?
Menstruation normally occurs once in ______.
The Corpus luteum grows during menstruation.
The level of progesterone is high at which phase in the menstrual cycle?
Why are menstrual cycles absent during pregnancy?
Describe hormonal control in various phases of the menstrual cycle.
The figure show a section of human ovary. Select the option which gives the correct identification of either A or B with function/characteristic.
Given below is the diagram depicting the menstrual cycle in human beings. Study it carefully and answer the questions that follow.
- Which phases are indicated by ‘C’ and ‘D’?
- Name the structures labelled ‘F’. What is its role?
- Explain the changes in the level of progesterone during phases ‘C’ and ‘D’.
- Which hormone present in the urine confirms pregnancy in human beings?
- Identify the structure labelled ‘E’. Name the hormone released by it.
Name these:
4 phases of the menstrual cycle.
Longest phase of menstrual cycle is ______.
