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प्रश्न
Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
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उत्तर
The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone. During the follicular phase, levels of FSH and LH secreted from the anterior pituitary begin to rise. FSH, guided by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, helps primary follicles grow into Graafian follicles.
As the follicle matures, it begins to secrete estrogen, which leads to the proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Estrogen also provides positive feedback to stimulate the surge of LH this LH surge causes ovulation, i.e., the rupture of the Graafian follicle and release of the ovum.
The ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone during the luteal phase. Progesterone helps in maintaining the endometrium and preparing it for possible implantation of the embryo.
If fertilisation does not occur, progesterone levels drop, the corpus luteum degenerates, and the endometrium sheds, marking the onset of menstruation. High levels of progesterone also inhibit FSH and LH, thereby preventing further ovulation in that cycle.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain the role of pituitary and the ovarian hormones in menstrual cycle in human females
What is menstrual cycle? Describe it in brief.
Sketch the labelled diagram.
Menstrual cycle
Explain the menstruation phases in the menstrual cycle of a human female.
Give Reasons
The chances of pregnancy to occur are most favourable on or about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. Explain.
Name the Following
Sloughing of the uterine wall during menstrual flow.
Give Technical Term:
The phase in the menstrual cycle in which the remnant of a follicle in the ovary turns to corpus luteum.
Describe the phases of the menstrual cycle and their hormonal control.
Describe the structure of a Graafian follicle.
Write the answers to the following questions by observing the figure below.
- What does the figure above show?
- Which organs are involved in this process?
- Which hormones are involved in this process?
- After how many days do these changes happen again?
- Explain your opinion about the statement that a woman's body is impure while the above process is going on.
Why menstrual cycle does not take place before puberty and during pregnancy?
Read the following passage and answer the question that follows:
Rahini and her parents were watching a television programme. An advertisement flashed on the screen which was promoting the use of sanitary napkins. Rahini’s parents suddenly changed the channel, but she objected to her parents and explained the need and importance of such an advertisement.
What is first menstruation called? When does it occur?
The menstrual cycle ceases during pregnancy.
Answer the following type of question Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
(A) - Ovulation is the release of the ovum from the Graafian follicle.
(R) - It occurs during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
Explain the various phases of the menstrual cycle.
Detection of which hormone in urine is an indicator of pregnancy?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium thicken up to 8-10 mm?
How long does the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle last?
____________ is transformed to corpus luteum during luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.
Calculate the expected date of ovulation, if in a normal menstruating woman, gets her menses on 5th April.
Which one of the following is the correct matching of the events occurring during menstrual cycle?
Which one of the following statements is incorrect about menstruation?
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
The peak observed in Subject 1 and 2 is due to ______
Distinguish between pollination and fertilisation. Mention the site and product of fertilisation in a flower.
Draw a neat, labelled diagram of a pistil showing pollen tube growth and its entry into the ovule.
Define ovulation.
Which of the following events is not associated with ovulation in human females?
Menstrual flow occurs due to lack of ______.
The main function of mammalian corpus luteum is to produce ______.
Given below is a group of terms. In the group, one pair indicates the relationship between the two terms. Rewrite and complete the second pair on a similar basis.
Follicular phase: 5-12 days:: Luteal phase : ______ days.
