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प्रश्न
Which hormones regulate menstrual cycle?
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उत्तर
The menstrual cycle is regulated by a complex interplay of hormones such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinising hormone (LH), estrogen, and progesterone. During the follicular phase, levels of FSH and LH secreted from the anterior pituitary begin to rise. FSH, guided by gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, helps primary follicles grow into Graafian follicles.
As the follicle matures, it begins to secrete estrogen, which leads to the proliferation of the endometrial lining of the uterus. Estrogen also provides positive feedback to stimulate the surge of LH this LH surge causes ovulation, i.e., the rupture of the Graafian follicle and release of the ovum.
The ruptured follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, which secretes progesterone during the luteal phase. Progesterone helps in maintaining the endometrium and preparing it for possible implantation of the embryo.
If fertilisation does not occur, progesterone levels drop, the corpus luteum degenerates, and the endometrium sheds, marking the onset of menstruation. High levels of progesterone also inhibit FSH and LH, thereby preventing further ovulation in that cycle.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Describe the roles of pituitary and ovarian hormones during the menstrual cycle in a human female.
Name the function of the following:
Corpus luteum
Give appropriate biological or technical terms for the following:
The onset of menstruation in a young girl
Differentiate between the following pair:
Menarche and menopause
Sketch the labelled diagram.
Menstrual cycle
Give Reasons
The chances of pregnancy to occur are most favourable on or about the 14th day of the menstrual cycle. Explain.
Name the Following
The onset of menstruation in a young girl at about the age of 13 years.
Name the Following
Sloughing of the uterine wall during menstrual flow.
Multiple choice question.
Rupturing of follicles and discharge of ova is known as _______.
Meanrch, menstrual cycle, and menopause are controlled by ______.
How many pairs of testis are present in human male?
Describe the structure of a Graafian follicle.
Find the wrongly matched pair.
Detection of which hormone in urine is an indicator of pregnancy?
Match the Columns.
| Column I | Column II | ||
| i. | Proliferative phase | a. | Breakdown of the endometrial lining |
| ii. | Secretory phase | b. | Follicular phase |
| iii. | Menstruation | c. | Luteal phase |
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
The peak observed in Subject 1 and 2 is due to ______
A biology student after studying the different levels of hormones during the menstrual cycle was comparing 2 subjects (Patients). A table was created after looking at the levels of hormones A and B for Subjects 1 and 2. Read the information in the table and answer the question that follows.
| HORMONE A | HORMONE B | |
| Subject 1 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | Falls down during the luteal phase. |
| Subject 2 | Shows a peak on the 14th Day of the menstrual cycle. | The level is maintained high in the luteal phase. |
If the peak of Hormone A does not appear in the study for Subject 1, which of the following statement is true?
Menstruation normally occurs once in ______.
The Corpus luteum grows during menstruation.
When does the corpus luteum degenerate?
The menstrual cycle begins with ______
Identify the correct statement from the following:
The graph given below shows the number of primordial follicles per ovary in women at different ages. Study the graph and answer the questions that follow.
- What is the average age of the women at the onset of menopause?
- At what age are maximum primordial follicles present in the ovary, according to the given graph?
Give a reason for the following:
The second half of the menstrual cycle is called the luteal phase as well as the secretory phase.
The enlarged mature follicle bursts to release the egg.
The onset of menstruation in women is called ______.
What is the average duration of the menstrual cycle?
What hormone types control the menstrual cycle?
