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प्रश्न
What are the Assisted Reproductive Techniques practised to help infertile couples? Describe any three techniques.
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उत्तर
The infertile couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques called assisted reproductive technologies (ART), which are given below.
(i) Test Tube Baby Programmes: In this method, ova from the wife/donor (female) and the sperms from the husband/donor (male) are collected and induced to form zygote under simulated conditions in the laboratory. This process is called in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
The zygote or early embryo with up to 8 blastomeres is transferred into the fallopian tube (process is called zygote intra fallopian transfer or ZIFT) and embryo with more than 8 blastomeres is transferred into the uterus (process is called intra uterine transfer or IUT).
In females who cannot conceive, embryos formed by fusion of gametes in another female (called in vivo fertilisation) are transferred.
(ii) Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer (GIFT): It is the transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development of the embryo.
(iii) Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): It is a procedure to form an embryo in the laboratory by directly injecting the sperm into an ovum.
(iv) Artificial Insemination (AI): In this method, the semen collected either from the husband or a healthy donor is artificially introduced into the vagina or into the uterus (intrauterine insemination or IUI).
This technique is used in cases where the male is unable to inseminate sperms in the female reproductive tract or due to very low sperm counts in the ejaculation.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.
State True/False with explanation.
Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner.
Expand the following:
ZIFT
Multiple choice question.
Test tube baby technique is called _______.
Fill in the blank:
The disc-like structure which helps in the transfer of substances to and from the fetus’s body is called _______.
Generally the zygote or early embryo with how many blastomeres is transferred into the fallopian for further development, in IVF?
In case of a couple where the male is having a very low sperm count, which technique will be suitable for fertilisation?
Test-tube baby is one who ______.
Assisted reproductive technology, IVF involves transfer of ______.
Choose the correct statement regarding the ZIFT procedure.
In which of the following ARTs, does in vivo fertilisation occur?
Mark the odd one.
Identify the correct reasons for infertility.
(i) Drugs
(ii) Diseases
(iii) Congenital
(iv) Use of Contraceptives
(v) Immunological or psychological
(vi) Assisted reproductive technology
Mention the primary aim of the “Assisted Reproductive Technology” (ART) programme.
Trace the events from copulation to zygote formation in a human female.
Given below are Column A with a list of certain Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and in Column B the procedures followed during ART:
| Column A | Column B | ||
| S. No. | Names of ART | S. No. | Procedures |
| (A) | GIFT | (i) | Transfer of ovum from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female. |
| (B) | ICSI | (ii) | Transfer of semen from the donor into the vagina of the female. |
| (C) | ZIFT | (iii) | Injecting sperm directly into the ovum. |
| (D) | IUI | (iv) | Transfer of early embryos into the fallopian tube. |
Choose the option where ART correctly matches with the procedure.
Write the long form of GIFT.
The ______ is also called the womb.
Name any two Cu-ions releasing IUDs.
