Question

Discuss the mode of action and advantages/disadvantages of hormonal contraceptives.

Answer 1

• Oral administration of small doses of either progestagens or progestogen-estrogen combinations is another contraceptive method used by the females.
• Most important component of oral contraceptive is progesterone. They are used in the form of tablets and hence are popularly called the pills. Pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days starting preferably within the first 5 days of menstrual cycle. After a gap of 7 days (during which menstruation occurs) it has to be repeated in the same pattern. 
• Oral contraceptive pills inhibit ovulation and implantation as well as alter (change) the quality of cervical mucus to prevent or retard entry of sperms. Progesterone present in OCP- is meant for checking ovulation. Pills are very effective with lesser side effects and are well accepted by the females. Combination or IUDs within 72 hours of coitus have been found to be very effective as emergency contraceptives as they could be used to avoid possible pregnancy due to rape or casual unprotected intercourse.