मराठी

Show that the Relation R Defined by R = {(A, B) : a – B is Divisible by 3; A, B ∈ Z} is an Equivalence Relation.

Advertisements
Advertisements

प्रश्न

Show that the relation R defined by R = {(a, b) : a – b is divisible by 3; a, b ∈ Z} is an equivalence relation.

बेरीज
Advertisements

उत्तर

We observe the following relations of relation R.

Reflexivity : 

Let a be an arbitrary element of R. Then,

aa=0=0 × 3

⇒ aa is divisible by 3

⇒ (a, a∈ R for all ∈ Z

So, R is reflexive on Z.

Symmetry :

Let (a, b∈ R

⇒ ab is divisible by 3

⇒ ab 3p for some ∈ Z

⇒ b=3 (p)

Here, ∈ Z

⇒ ba is divisible by 3

⇒ (b, a∈ R for all a, ∈ Z

So, R is symmetric on Z.

Transitivity:

Let (a, b) and (b, c∈ R

⇒ ab and bc are divisible by 3

⇒ ab=3p for some ∈ Z

and b− 3q for some ∈ Z

Adding the above two, we get

  − b b− c3p3q

⇒ a=3 (p+q)

Here, p+∈ Z

⇒ ac is divisible by 3

⇒ (a, c∈ R for all a, c ∈ Z

So, R is transitive on Z.

Hence, R is an equivalence relation on Z.

shaalaa.com
  या प्रश्नात किंवा उत्तरात काही त्रुटी आहे का?
पाठ 1: Relations - Exercise 1.2 [पृष्ठ २६]

APPEARS IN

आर.डी. शर्मा Mathematics Volume 1 and 2 [English] Class 12
पाठ 1 Relations
Exercise 1.2 | Q 1 | पृष्ठ २६

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

Let A = {1, 2, 3,......, 9} and R be the relation in A × A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if a + d = b + c for (a, b), (c, d) in A × A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation. Also, obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)].


Let N denote the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N × N defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if ad (b + c) = bc (a + d). Show that R is an equivalence relation.


Check whether the relation R in R defined by R = {(a, b) : a ≤ b3} is reflexive, symmetric or transitive.


Given a non-empty set X, consider P(X), which is the set of all subsets of X. Define the relation R in P(X) as follows:

For subsets A, B in P(X), ARB if and only if A ⊂ B. Is R an equivalence relation on P(X)? Justify your answer.


Let A = {x ∈ Z : 0 ≤ x ≤ 12}. Show that R = {(ab) : a∈ A, |a – b| is divisible by 4}is an equivalence relation. Find the set of all elements related to 1. Also write the equivalence class [2]


Let A be the set of all human beings in a town at a particular time. Determine whether the following relation is reflexive, symmetric and transitive:

 R = {(x, y) : x and y work at the same place}


If = {1, 2, 3, 4} define relations on A which have properties of being symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive ?


Give an example of a relation which is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive?


Let Z be the set of integers. Show that the relation
 R = {(a, b) : a, b ∈ Z and a + b is even}
is an equivalence relation on Z.


Let R be a relation on the set A of ordered pair of integers defined by (x, y) R (u, v) if xv = yu. Show that R is an equivalence relation.


If R and S are relations on a set A, then prove that R and S are symmetric ⇒ R ∩ S and R ∪ S are symmetric ?


If R and S are relations on a set A, then prove that R is reflexive and S is any relation ⇒ R ∪ S is reflexive ?


Write the identity relation on set A = {a, b, c}.


If R is a symmetric relation on a set A, then write a relation between R and R−1.


Define a symmetric relation ?


Let R = {(a, a), (b, b), (c, c), (a, b)} be a relation on set A = a, b, c. Then, R is _______________ .


Let R be the relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 2), (1, 1), (4, 4), (1, 3), (3, 3), (3, 2)}. Then, _____________________ .


Mark the correct alternative in the following question:

For real numbers x and y, define xRy if `x-y+sqrt2` is an irrational number. Then the relation R is ___________ .


Show that the relation R on R defined as R = {(a, b): a ≤ b}, is reflexive, and transitive but not symmetric.


If A = {a, b, c}, B = (x , y} find B × A.


If A = {a, b, c}, B = (x , y} find A × A.


Write the relation in the Roster form and hence find its domain and range:

R2 = `{("a", 1/"a")  "/"  0 < "a" ≤ 5, "a" ∈ "N"}`


Let R be a relation on the set N of natural numbers defined by nRm if n divides m. Then R is ______.


Let L denote the set of all straight lines in a plane. Let a relation R be defined by lRm if and only if l is perpendicular to m ∀ l, m ∈ L. Then R is ______.


For real numbers x and y, define xRy if and only if x – y + `sqrt(2)` is an irrational number. Then the relation R is ______.


Consider the set A = {1, 2, 3} and R be the smallest equivalence relation on A, then R = ______


Let A = {a, b, c} and the relation R be defined on A as follows:
R = {(a, a), (b, c), (a, b)}.
Then, write minimum number of ordered pairs to be added in R to make R reflexive and transitive


If A = {1, 2, 3, 4 }, define relations on A which have properties of being:
reflexive, transitive but not symmetric


Let R be relation defined on the set of natural number N as follows:
R = {(x, y): x ∈N, y ∈N, 2x + y = 41}. Find the domain and range of the relation R. Also verify whether R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive


Given A = {2, 3, 4}, B = {2, 5, 6, 7}. Construct an example of the following:
an injective mapping from A to B


Give an example of a map which is neither one-one nor onto


Let A = {1, 2, 3, ... 9} and R be the relation in A × A defined by (a, b) R(c, d) if a + d = b + c for (a, b), (c, d) in A × A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation and also obtain the equivalent class [(2, 5)]


Consider the non-empty set consisting of children in a family and a relation R defined as aRb if a is brother of b. Then R is ______.


Let the relation R be defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} by R = {(a, b) : |a2 – b2| < 8. Then R is given by ______.


An integer m is said to be related to another integer n if m is a integral multiple of n. This relation in Z is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.


R = {(1, 1), (2, 2), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 3)} be a relation on A, then R is ____________.


A general election of Lok Sabha is a gigantic exercise. About 911 million people were eligible to vote and voter turnout was about 67%, the highest ever


Let I be the set of all citizens of India who were eligible to exercise their voting right in the general election held in 2019. A relation ‘R’ is defined on I as follows:

R = {(V1, V2) ∶ V1, V2 ∈ I and both use their voting right in the general election - 2019}

  • Mr. Shyam exercised his voting right in General Election-2019, then Mr. Shyam is related to which of the following?

An organization conducted a bike race under 2 different categories-boys and girls. Totally there were 250 participants. Among all of them finally, three from Category 1 and two from Category 2 were selected for the final race. Ravi forms two sets B and G with these participants for his college project. Let B = {b1,b2,b3} G={g1,g2} where B represents the set of boys selected and G the set of girls who were selected for the final race.

Ravi decides to explore these sets for various types of relations and functions.

  • Let R: B → B be defined by R = {(x, y): x and y are students of same sex}, Then this relation R is ____________.

There are 600 student in a school. If 400 of them can speak Telugu, 300 can speak Hindi, then the number of students who can speak both Telugu and Hindi is:


Share
Notifications

Englishहिंदीमराठी


      Forgot password?
Use app×