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प्रश्न
In a typical nuclear reaction, e.g.
`"_1^2H+"_1^2H ->"_2^3He + n + 3.27 \text { MeV },`
although number of nucleons is conserved, yet energy is released. How? Explain.
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उत्तर
In a nuclear reaction, the sum of the masses of the target nucleus `("_1^2H)`and the bombarding particle `("_1^2H)` may be greater or less than the sum of the masses of the product nucleus `("_1^3He)` and the outgoing particle `("_0^1n).` So from the law of conservation of mass-energy some energy (3.27 MeV) is evolved or involved in a nuclear reaction. This energy is called Q-value of the nuclear reaction.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Asha's mother read an article in the newspaper about a disaster that took place at Chernobyl. She could not understand much from the articles and asked a few questions from Asha regarding the article. Asha tried to answer her mother's questions based on what she learnt in Class XII Physics.
(a) What was the installation at Chernobyl where the disaster took place? What according to you, was the cause of this disaster?
(b) Explain the process of release of energy in the installation at Chernobyl.
(c) What according to you, were the values displayed by Asha and her mother?
Write the relationship between the size of a nucleus and its mass number (A)?
Using the curve for the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number A, state clearly how the release in energy in the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion can be explained.
As the mass number A increases, the binding energy per nucleon in a nucleus
Which of the following is a wrong description of binding energy of a nucleus?
In one average-life,
Calculate the mass of an α-particle. Its Its binding energy is 28.2 MeV.
(Use Mass of proton mp = 1.007276 u, Mass of `""_1^1"H"` atom = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron mn = 1.008665 u, Mass of electron = 0.0005486 u ≈ 511 keV/c2,1 u = 931 MeV/c2.)
(a) Calculate the energy released if 238U emits an α-particle. (b) Calculate the energy to be supplied to 238U it two protons and two neutrons are to be emitted one by one. The atomic masses of 238U, 234Th and 4He are 238.0508 u, 234.04363 u and 4.00260 u respectively.
(Use Mass of proton mp = 1.007276 u, Mass of `""_1^1"H"` atom = 1.007825 u, Mass of neutron mn = 1.008665 u, Mass of electron = 0.0005486 u ≈ 511 keV/c2,1 u = 931 MeV/c2.)
A nucleus of mass M emits a γ-ray photon of frequency 'v'. The loss of internal energy by the nucleus is ______.
A given coin has a mass of 3.0 g. Calculate the nuclear energy that would be required to separate all the neutrons and protons from each other. Assume that the coin is entirely made of \[_{29}^{63}Cu\] atoms (of mass 62.92960 u).
