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Hydrogen atom has only one electron, so mutual repulsion between electrons is absent. However, in multielectron atoms mutual repulsion between the electrons is significant - Chemistry

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प्रश्न

Hydrogen atom has only one electron, so mutual repulsion between electrons is absent. However, in multielectron atoms mutual repulsion between the electrons is significant. How does this affect the energy of an electron in the orbitals of the same principal quantum number in multielectron atoms?

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उत्तर

The energy of electrons is determined by the value of n in the hydrogen atom and by `n + l` in the multielectron atom. Thus for a given principal quantum number the electrons of different orbitals would have different energy.

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पाठ 2: Structure of Atom - Multiple Choice Questions (Type - I) [पृष्ठ २०]

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एनसीईआरटी एक्झांप्लर Chemistry [English] Class 11
पाठ 2 Structure of Atom
Multiple Choice Questions (Type - I) | Q 41 | पृष्ठ २०

संबंधित प्रश्‍न

(i) State Bohr's quantization condition for defining stationary orbits. How does the de Broglie hypothesis explain the stationary orbits?

(ii) Find the relation between three wavelengths λ1, λ2 and λ3 from the energy-level diagram shown below.


Draw a neat, labelled energy level diagram for H atom showing the transitions. Explain the series of spectral lines for H atom, whose fixed inner orbit numbers are 3 and 4 respectively.


Show that the circumference of the Bohr orbit for the hydrogen atom is an integral multiple of the de Broglie wavelength associated with the electron revolving around the orbit.


  1. Using the Bohr’s model, calculate the speed of the electron in a hydrogen atom in the n = 1, 2 and 3 levels.
  2. Calculate the orbital period in each of these levels.

if `E_p` and `E_k` represent potential energy and kinetic energy respectively, of an orbital electron, then, according to B9hr's theory:

a)`E_k = -E_p"/"2`

b) `E_k = -E_p`

c) `E_k = -2E_p`

d) `E_k = 2E_p`

 


Using Bohr's postulates, derive the expression for the total energy of the electron in the stationary states of the hydrogen atom ?


The numerical value of ionization energy in eV equals the ionization potential in volts. Does the equality hold if these quantities are measured in some other units?


A parallel beam of light of wavelength 100 nm passes through a sample of atomic hydrogen gas in ground state. (a) Assume that when a photon supplies some of its energy to a hydrogen atom, the rest of the energy appears as another photon. Neglecting the light emitted by the excited hydrogen atoms in the direction of the incident beam, what wavelengths may be observed in the transmitted beam? (b) A radiation detector is placed near the gas to detect radiation coming perpendicular to the incident beam. Find the wavelengths of radiation that may be detected by the detector.


According to Bohr, 'Angular momentum of an orbiting electron is quantized'. What is meant by this statement?


For an electron in the second orbit of hydrogen, what is the moment of momentum as per the Bohr's model?


When an electric discharge is passed through hydrogen gas, the hydrogen molecules dissociate to produce excited hydrogen atoms. These excited atoms emit electromagnetic radiation of discrete frequencies which can be given by the general formula

`bar(v) = 109677 1/n_1^2 - 1/n_f^2`

What points of Bohr’s model of an atom can be used to arrive at this formula? Based on these points derive the above formula giving description of each step and each term.


For the ground state, the electron in the H-atom has an angular momentum = h, according to the simple Bohr model. Angular momentum is a vector and hence there will be infinitely many orbits with the vector pointing in all possible directions. In actuality, this is not true ______.


Consider aiming a beam of free electrons towards free protons. When they scatter, an electron and a proton cannot combine to produce a H-atom ______.

  1. because of energy conservation.
  2. without simultaneously releasing energy in the from of radiation.
  3. because of momentum conservation.
  4. because of angular momentum conservation.

The radius of the innermost electron orbit of a hydrogen atom is 5.3 × 10–11m. The radius of the n = 3 orbit is ______.


Orbits of a particle moving in a circle are such that the perimeter of the orbit equals an integer number of de-Broglie wavelengths of the particle. For a charged particle moving in a plane perpendicular to a magnetic field, the radius of the nth orbital will therefore be proportional to:


The first ionization energy of H is 21.79 × 10-19 J. The second ionization energy of He atom is ______ × 10-19J.


Write the ionisation energy value for the hydrogen atom.


Specify the transition of an electron in the wavelength of the line in the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom which gives rise to the spectral line of the highest wavelength ______.


State three postulates of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atom.


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