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प्रश्न
Explain the mechanism of action of restriction endonucleases that makes them suitable for genetic engineering.
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उत्तर
Each restriction endonuclease recognizes a specific palindromic base sequence in foreign DNA and cuts the sugar-phosphate backbone of both strands of the double helix at specific points. These ends are called sticky ends. The sticky ends of 2 different molecules of DNA cut by the same restriction endonuclease are then joined by ligase to form a recombinant DNA.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Give one significant difference between:
Electroporation and Gene Gun.
Identify the properties that a cloning vector must possess to be efficiently used in rDNA technology.
- Control elements like promoter, operator, ribosomal binding sites
- Restriction sites
- Marker genes
- Ori of replication
- Ability to replicate independently
The transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another through the mediation of a viral vector is termed as ______.
Cloning of genes, play a very significant role in genetic engineering, helping the transfer of desirable foreign genes into different hosts. The scientists, to make this process easier and effective are creating engineered vectors in such a way that they help easy linking of foreign DNA and selection of recombinants from non-recombinants. 'pBR322' is one such engineered vectors developed by scientists. A diagram of an engineered vector pBR322 is given below:
- Name the host for this cloning vector.
- Identify 'Rop' and 'Ori' in the diagram from 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y' and 'Z'. Write their functions.
- Draw the fragments that will be formed by the action of 'Z' (marked in the diagram) on the specific site of the DNA segment given below:
5' --- GTACGAATCCTGA --- 3'
3' --- CATGCTTAGGACT --- 3'
Which vector is mostly used in rDNA technology in plants?
Which of the following statements are true about cloning vectors?
- Vectors are DNA molecules that carry a foreign DNA segment.
- The replicated DNA is introduced into the host cell.
- It possesses the origin of replication (Ori).
- Vectors may be plasmid, bacteriophage, Yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), etc.
- Vectors do not require a selectable marker to identify and eliminate non-transformants.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.
pBR322, used very frequently in cloning experiments as a vector in E. coli is ______.
Plasmid is ______.
The DNA polymerase enzyme used in PCR is obtained from______.
Name the enzymes that are called molecular scissors.
