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प्रश्न
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Oxidation states
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उत्तर १
Elements in the same horizontal group generally show the same number of oxidation states. The number of oxidation states shown by elements in the middle of each series is maximum, while those at the end are minimum.
उत्तर २
Elements have varying oxidation states in both series. The highest oxidation state corresponds to the total amount of electrons in ‘s’ and ‘d’ orbitals. The 5d transition series shows fewer oxidation states than the 4d series. In the 3d series, +2 and +3 oxidation states are common, resulting in stable complexes. In other series, OsO4 and PtF6 are stable at higher oxidation states.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Explain why is Fe3+ more stable than Fe2+?
Account for the following:
E° value for the Mn3+/Mn2+ couple is much more positive than that for Cr3+/Cr2+.
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the non-transition metals? Illustrate with examples.
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of the non-transition metals? Illustrate with examples.
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Electronic configurations
Following are the transition metal ions of 3d series:
Ti4+, V2+, Mn3+, Cr3+
(Atomic numbers: Ti = 22, V = 23, Mn = 25, Cr = 24)
Answer the following:
1) Which ion is most stable in an aqueous solution and why?
2) Which ion is a strong oxidising agent and why?
3) Which ion is colourless and why?
Give reason for the following:
The transition metals generally form coloured compounds.
Which among the following transition metal has the lowest melting point?
Although \[\ce{Cr^3+}\] and \[\ce{Co^2+}\] ions have same number of unpaired electrons but the magnetic moment of \[\ce{Cr^3+}\] is 3.87 B.M. and that of \[\ce{Co^2+}\] is 4.87 B.M. Why?
Reactivity of transition elements decreases almost regularly from Sc to Cu. Explain.
Assertion: Separation of \[\ce{Zr}\] and \[\ce{Hf}\] is difficult.
Reason: Because \[\ce{Zr}\] and \[\ce{Hf}\] lie in the same group of the periodic table.
The standard electrode potentials of four elements A, B, C and D are – 3.05, – 1.66, – 0.40 and + 0.80. The highest chemical reactivity will be exhibited by
Passing H2S gas into a mixture of Mn2+ and Ni2+, Cu2+, ions in an acidified aqueous solution precipitates.
Which one of the following characters tie of the transition metal is associated with higher catalytic activity?
Agcl is soluble in NH4OH. The solubility is due to the information of:-
Give reasons for the following statement:
Zn, Cd, and Hg are soft metals.
How is the variability in oxidation states of transition metals different from that of p-block elements?
Give a reason for the following:
Transition metals possess a great tendency to form complex compounds.
Decide which of the following atomic numbers are the atomic numbers of the inner transition elements:
29, 59, 74, 95, 102, 104
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Atomic sizes
