Advertisements
Advertisements
प्रश्न
Answer the following question.
What is thermal stress?
Advertisements
उत्तर
- Consider a metallic rod of length l0 fixed between two rigid supports at T °C.
- If the temperature of rod is increased by ΔT, length of the rod would become, l = l0 (1 + αΔT) Where, α is the coefficient of linear expansion of the material of the rod.
- But the supports prevent the expansion of the rod. As a result, rod exerts stress on the supports. Such stress is termed as thermal stress.
APPEARS IN
संबंधित प्रश्न
A steel tape 1m long is correctly calibrated for a temperature of 27.0 °C. The length of a steel rod measured by this tape is found to be 63.0 cm on a hot day when the temperature is 45.0 °C. What is the actual length of the steel rod on that day? What is the length of the same steel rod on a day when the temperature is 27.0 °C? Coefficient of linear expansion of steel = 1.20 × 10–5 K–1
A hole is drilled in a copper sheet. The diameter of the hole is 4.24 cm at 27.0 °C. What is the change in the diameter of the hole when the sheet is heated to 227 °C? Coefficient of linear expansion of copper = 1.70 × 10–5 K–1.
A brass rod of length 50 cm and diameter 3.0 mm is joined to a steel rod of the same length and diameter. What is the change in length of the combined rod at 250 °C, if the original lengths are at 40.0 °C? Is there a ‘thermal stress’ developed at the junction? The ends of the rod are free to expand (Co-efficient of linear expansion of brass = 2.0 × 10–5 K–1, steel = 1.2 × 10–5 K–1).
A 10 kW drilling machine is used to drill a bore in a small aluminium block of mass 8.0 kg. How much is the rise in temperature of the block in 2.5 minutes, assuming 50% of power is used up in heating the machine itself or lost to the surroundings Specific heat of aluminium = 0.91 J g–1 K–1
Is it possible for two bodies to be in thermal equilibrium if they are not in contact?
A system X is neither in thermal equilibrium with Y nor with Z. The systems Y and Z
A gas thermometer measures the temperature from the variation of pressure of a sample of gas. If the pressure measured at the melting point of lead is 2.20 times the pressure measured at the triple point of water, find the melting point of lead.
Show that the moment of inertia of a solid body of any shape changes with temperature as I = I0 (1 + 2αθ), where I0 is the moment of inertia at 0°C and α is the coefficient of linear expansion of the solid.
A glass flask has a volume 1 × 10−4 m3. It is filled with a liquid at 30°C. If the temperature of the system is raised to 100°C, how much of the liquid will overflow? (Coefficient of volume expansion of glass is 1.2 × 10−5 (°C)−1 while that of the liquid is 75 × 10−5 (°C)−1).
A clock pendulum having coefficient of linear expansion. α = 9 × 10-7/°C-1 has a period of 0.5 s at 20°C. If the clock is used in a climate, where the temperature is 30°C, how much time does the clock lose in each oscillation? (g = constant)
A hot body at a temperature 'T' is kept in a surrounding of temperature 'T0'. It takes time 't1' to cool from 'T' to 'T2', time t2 to cool from 'T2' to 'T3' and time 't3' to cool from 'T3' to 'T4'. If (T - T2) = (T2 - T3) = (T3 - T4), then ______.
A metal rod of cross-sectional area 3 × 10-6 m2 is suspended vertically from one end has a length 0.4 m at 100°C. Now the rod is cooled upto 0°C, but prevented from contracting by attaching a mass 'm' at the lower end. The value of 'm' is ______.
(Y = 1011 N/m2, coefficient of linear expansion = 10-5/K, g = 10m/s2)
A metal rod of length Land cross-sectional area A is heated through T °C. What is the force required to prevent the expansion of the rod lengthwise?
(Y = Young's modulus of material of the rod, α = coefficient of linear expansion of the rod.)
The volume of a metal block changes by 0.86% when heated through 200 °C then its coefficient of cubical expansion is ______.
A uniform metallic rod rotates about its perpendicular bisector with constant angular speed. If it is heated uniformly to raise its temperature slightly ______.
An aluminium sphere is dipped into water. Which of the following is true?
A rail track made of steel having length 10 m is clamped on a raillway line at its two ends (figure). On a summer day due to rise in temperature by 20° C, it is deformed as shown in figure. Find x (displacement of the centre) if αsteel = 1.2 × 10–5/°C.

If the length of a cylinder on heating increases by 2%, the area of its base will increase by ______.
The height of mercury column measured with brass scale at temperature T0 is H0. What height H' will the mercury column have at T = 0°C. Coefficient of volume expansion of mercury is γ. Coefficient of linear expansion of brass is α ______.
An anisotropic material has coefficient of linear thermal expansion α1, α2 and α3 along x, y and z-axis respectively. Coefficient of cubical expansion of its material will be equal to ______.
Length of steel rod so that it is 5 cm longer than the copper rod at all temperatures should be ______ cm.
(α for copper = 1.7 × 10-5/°C and α for steel = 1.1 × 10-5/°C)
A metal ball immersed in water weighs w1 at 0°C and w2 at 50°C. The coefficient of cubical expansion of metal is less than that of water. Then ______.
Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R.
- Assertion A: When a rod lying freely is heated, no thermal stress is developed in it.
- Reason R: On heating, the length of the rod increases. In light of the above statements.
choose the correct answer from the options given below:
When heat is given to a substance, it generally ______.
The increase in the dimensions of a body due to an increase in its temperature is called ______.
A metallic bar of Young’s modulus, 0.5 × 1011 N m−2 and coefficient of linear thermal expansion 10−5°C−1, length 1 m and area of cross-section 10−3 m2 is heated from 0°C to 100°C without expansion of bending. The compressive force developed in it is ______.
The volume of a block of metal at 30°C changes by 0.12% when its temperature is increased to 70°C. The coefficient of linear expansion of the metal is ______.
