NCERT solutions for इकॉनॉमिक्स इंडियन इकॉनॉमिक्स डेवलपमेंट [अंग्रेजी] कक्षा १२ chapter 8 - Comparative Development Experiences of India and Its Neighbours [Latest edition]

Does India follow any population stabilisation measures? If so, collect the details and discuss in the classroom. You may refer to the latest Economic Survey, annual reports or website of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (http://mohfw.nic.in).

Scholars find son preference as a common phenomenon in many developing countries, including India, China and Pakistan. Do you find this phenomenon in your family or neighbourhood? Why do people practise discrimination between male and female children? What do you think about it? Discuss it in the classroom.

Do you think it is necessary for India and Pakistan to concentrate on the manufacturing sector as China does? Why?

Scholars argue that the service sector should not be considered as an engine of growth whereas India and Pakistan have raised their share of output mainly in this sector only. What do you think?

While India has performed relatively well vis-à-vis other developing countries (including its Asian neighbours) in terms of economic growth, India is yet to show the world that there is considerable progress in terms of human development indicators. Where India went wrong? Why did we not take care of our human resources? Discuss in the classroom.

There is a general perception going around in India that there is sudden increase in dumping of Chinese goods into India, which have implications for manufacturing sector in India, and also that we do not engage ourselves in trading with our neighbouring nations. Look at the following table, which shows exports from India to, and imports from, Pakistan and China. From newspapers and websites and listening to news, collect the details of goods and services transacted in trading with our neighbours. In order to get detailed information relating to international trade, you can log on to the website: http:/dgft.gov.in.

Calculate exports as a % of imports for both the years and discuss the probable reasons for the trend in the class.

What are the various means by which countries are trying to strengthen their own domestic economies?

What similar developmental strategies have India and Pakistan followed for their respective developmental paths?

China’s rapid industrial growth can be traced back to its reforms in 1978. Do you agree? Elucidate.

Describe the path of developmental initiatives taken by Pakistan for its economic development.

Compare and contrast India and China’s sectoral contribution towards GDP in 2003. What does it indicate?

Mention the various indicators of human development.

Give some examples of liberty indicators.

Group the following features pertaining to the economies of India, China and Pakistan under three heads

• One-child norm
• Low fertility rate
• High degree of urbanisation
• Mixed economy
• Very high fertility rate
• Large population
• High density of population
• Growth due to manufacturing sector
• Growth due to service sector

Give reasons for the slow growth and re-emergence of poverty in Pakistan.

Compare and contrast the development of India, China and Pakistan with respect to some salient human development indicators.

Fill in the blank

First Five Year Plan of ________________ commenced in the year 1956. 

Maternal mortality rate is high in ______.

Fill in the blank

Proportion of people below poverty line is more in __________.

Fill in the blank

Reforms in ______________ were introduced in 1978. 

Organise a class debate on the issue of free trade between India and China and India and Pakistan.

You are aware that cheap Chinese goods are available in the market, for example, toys, electronic goods, clothes, batteries, etc. Do you think that these products are comparable in quality and price with their Indian counterparts? Do they create a threat to our domestic producers? Discuss.

Do you think India can introduce the one-child norm like China to reduce population growth? Organise a debate on the policies that India can follow to reduce population growth.

China’s growth is mainly contributed by the manufacturing sector and India’s growth by the service sector,prepare a chart showing the relevance of this statement with respect to the structural changes in the last decade in the respective countries.

How is China able to lead in all the Human Development Indicators? Discuss in the classroom. Use Human Development Report of the latest year.