Question

Write a short note on the following.

Ammonolysis

Answer 1

When Alkyl halides (or) benzyl halides are heated with alcoholic ammonia in a sealed tube, mixtures of 1°, 2° and 3° amines and quaternary ammonium salts are obtained.

\[\ce{CH3 - Br ->[\overset{\bullet\bullet}{N}H3][\Delta] \underset{(1° amine)}{CH3 - \overset{\bullet\bullet}{N}H2} ->[CH3Br] \underset{(2° amine)}{(CH3)2\overset{\bullet\bullet}{N}H} ->[CH3Br] \underset{(3° amine)}{(CH3)3}\overset{\bullet\bullet}{N} ->[CH3Br] \underset{(Quarternary ammonium bromide)}{(CH3)4\overset{+}{N}B\overset{-}{r}}}\]