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प्रश्न
The following table gives the distribution of students of two sections according to the mark obtained by them:-
| Section A | Section B | ||
| Marks | Frequency | Marks | Frequency |
| 0 - 10 | 3 | 0 - 10 | 5 |
| 10 - 20 | 9 | 10 - 20 | 19 |
| 20 - 30 | 17 | 20 - 30 | 15 |
| 30 - 40 | 12 | 30 - 40 | 10 |
| 40 - 50 | 9 | 40 - 50 | 1 |
Represent the marks of the students of both the sections on the same graph by two frequency polygons. From the two polygons compare the performance of the two sections.
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उत्तर
We can find the class marks of the given class intervals by using the following formula.
Class mark = `"Upper class limit + Lower class limit"/2`
| Section A | Section B | ||||
| Marks | Class-marks | Frequency | Marks | Class-marks | Frequency |
| 0 - 10 | 5 | 3 | 0 - 10 | 5 | 5 |
| 10 - 20 | 15 | 9 | 10 - 20 | 15 | 19 |
| 20 - 30 | 25 | 17 | 20 - 30 | 25 | 15 |
| 30 - 40 | 35 | 12 | 30 - 40 | 35 | 10 |
| 40 - 50 | 45 | 9 | 40 - 50 | 45 | 1 |
Taking class marks on the x-axis and frequency on the y-axis and choosing an appropriate scale (1 unit = 3 for the y-axis), the frequency polygon can be drawn as follows:

It can be observed that the performance of students of section ‘A’ is better than the students of section ‘B’ in terms of good marks.
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(i) What is the percentage of the youngest age-group persons over those in the oldest age group?
(ii) What is the total population of the town?
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(v) What is the age-group of exactly 1200 persons living in the town?
(vi) What is the total number of persons living in the town in the age-group 50 - 55?
(vii) What is the total number of persons living in the town in the age-groups 10 - 15 and 60 - 65?

(viii) Whether the population in general increases, decreases or remains constant with the increase in the age-group.
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(ii) What percent is the number of news papers published in Hindi of the total number of newspapers?
(iii) Find the excess of the number of newspapers published in English over those published in Urdu.
(iv) Name two pairs of languages which publish the same number of newspapers.
(v) State the language in which the smallest number of newspapers are published.
(vi) State the language in which the largest number of newspapers are published.
(vii) State the language in which the number of newspapers published is between 2500 and 3500.
(viii) State whether true or false:
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(iii) In which part the expenditure has gone up from 1980 to 1990?
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Explain the reading and interpretation of bar graphs.
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| Census year | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 |
| Population in Lakhs | 30 | 55 | 70 | 110 | 150 |
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| Year | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 |
| Manure (in thousand tonnes) |
15 | 35 | 45 | 30 | 40 | 20 |
(i) Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
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Manoj appeared for ICSE examination 2018 and secured percentage of marks as shown in the following table:
| Subject | Hindi | English | Maths | Science | Social Study |
| Marks as percent | 60 | 45 | 42 | 48 | 75 |
Represent the above data by drawing a suitable bar graph.
Following table gives the distribution of students of sections A and B of a class according to the marks obtained by them.
| Section A | Section B | ||
| Marks | Frequency | Marks | Frequency |
| 0 – 15 | 5 | 0 – 15 | 3 |
| 15 – 30 | 12 | 15 – 30 | 16 |
| 30 – 45 | 28 | 30 – 45 | 25 |
| 45 – 60 | 30 | 45 – 60 | 27 |
| 60 –75 | 35 | 60 – 75 | 40 |
| 75 – 90 | 13 | 75 – 90 | 10 |
Represent the marks of the students of both the sections on the same graph by two frequency polygons. What do you observe?
