Question

Match the items of column I with items of column II.

	Column I	Column II
(i)	Methanol	(a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid
(ii)	Kolbe’s reaction	(b) Ethyl alcohol
(iii)	Williamson’s synthesis	(c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde
(iv)	Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone	(d) Wood spirit
(v)	Reimer-Tiemann reaction	(e) Heated copper at 573 K
(vi)	Fermentation	(f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide

Answer 1

	Column I	Column II
(i)	Methanol	(d) Wood spirit
(ii)	Kolbe’s reaction	(a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid
(iii)	Williamson’s synthesis	(f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide
(iv)	Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone	(e) Heated copper at 573 K
(v)	Reimer-Tiemann reaction	(c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde
(vi)	Fermentation	(b) Ethyl alcohol

Explanation:

(i) Methanol is also known as ‘wood spirit’ as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.

(ii) In Kolbe’s reaction, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) is prepared by the reaction of phenol with CO₂ gas.

(iii) Williamson's synthesis is an important method for the preparation of either. In this method, an alkyl halide is allowed to react with sodium alkoxide.

\[\ce{R - X + R' -  \overset{-}{\overset{\bullet\bullet}{\underset{\bullet\bullet}{O}}} \overset{+}{N}a -> R - \overset{\bullet\bullet}{\underset{\bullet\bullet}{O}} - R' + NaX}\]

(iv) When a 2° alcohol is allowed to pass overheated copper at 573 K, dehydrogenation takes place and an ketone is formed.

\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{R - CH - R' ->[Cu][573 K] R - C - R'}\\
|\phantom{...................}||\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{.}\ce{OH}\phantom{.................}\ce{O}\phantom{..}
\end{array}\]

(v) On treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of \[\ce{NaOH}\], an aldehydic group is introduced at ortho position of benzene ring

(vi) Ethanol is prepared by the fermentation of sugars.

\[\ce{C12H22O11 + H2O ->[Invertase] C6H12O6 + C6H12O6}\]

\[\ce{C6H12O6 ->[Zymase] 2C2H5OH + 2CO2}\]