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प्रश्न
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (b) Glycerol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (c) Methanol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (d) Phenol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (f) Ethanol |
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उत्तर
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (f) Ethanol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (d) Phenol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (c) Methanol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (b) Glycerol |
Explanation:
(i) IUPAC name of ethylene glycol is ethane-1, 2-diol. It is primarily used as raw material in the manufacturing of polyester fibers and fabric industry. A small percentage of it is used in antifreeze formulations.
(ii) Ethanol is a good solvent for fatty and waxy substances. Fats and waxes provide odour to the perfumes. Apart from being a good solvent, it is less irritating to the skin. So, it is used in perfumes.
(iii) Phenol is converted into picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitro-phenol) by the reaction of phenol with cone. \[\ce{HNO3}\].
(iv) Methanol, \[\ce{CH3OH}\] is also known as ‘wood spirit’ as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.
(v) Neutral ferric chloride give purple/red colour when treated with phenols. It is the reagent used for detection of phenolic group.
(vi) Soaps are prepared by the reactions of fatty acid with \[\ce{NaOH}\].
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{O}\phantom{..........................................}\\
||\phantom{..........................................}\\
\ce{CH2 - O - C - OC17H35}\phantom{...........................}\phantom{.......}\ce{CH2OH}\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{.}
\phantom{.........}|\phantom{..........}\ce{O}\phantom{.............................................}|\phantom{.................}\\
||\phantom{...........................................}\\
\ce{CH - O - C - OC17H35 + 3NaOH -> \underset{(soap)}{\underset{Sodium stearate}{3C17H35COONa}} + CHOH}\phantom{..}\\
\phantom{..}|\phantom{.........................................................}|\phantom{.........}\\
\phantom{}\ce{CH2 - O - C -OC17H35}\phantom{..................................}\ce{\underset{Glycerol}{CH2OH}}\phantom{}\\
||\phantom{........................................}\\
\ce{O}\phantom{........................................}\\
\end{array}\]
The glycerol (propan-1, 2, 3-triol) is the by product of saop industry and used in cosmetics.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write resonance structures of aniline. What is the action of benzene diazonium chloride on ethanol?
Which of the following is correct?
Phenol is less acidic than ______.
What is denatured alcohol?
Suggest a reagent for conversion of ethanol to ethanal.
Name the enzymes and write the reactions involved in the preparation of ethanol from sucrose by fermentation.
Dipole moment of phenol is smaller than that of methanol. Why?
The carbon-oxygen bond in phenol is slightly stronger than that in methanol. Why?
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Methanol | (a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid |
| (ii) | Kolbe’s reaction | (b) Ethyl alcohol |
| (iii) | Williamson’s synthesis | (c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde |
| (iv) | Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone | (d) Wood spirit |
| (v) | Reimer-Tiemann reaction | (e) Heated copper at 573 K |
| (vi) | Fermentation | (f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide |
Assertion: Ethanol is a weaker acid than phenol.
Reason: Sodium ethoxide may be prepared by the reaction of ethanol with aqueous \[\ce{NaOH}\].
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Which of the following is known as wood spirit?
If the starting material is 1-methyl-1,2-epoxy cyclopentane, of absolute configuration, decide which one compound correctly represents the product of its reaction with sodium methoxide in methanol.
Convert the following Ethanal to ethanol.
How methanol is obtained from methanal.
Give IUPAC names of the following compounds:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH - CH2-OH }\\
|\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{Cl}\phantom{....}\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.....}
\end{array}\]
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