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प्रश्न
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (b) Glycerol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (c) Methanol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (d) Phenol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (f) Ethanol |
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उत्तर
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (f) Ethanol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (d) Phenol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (c) Methanol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (b) Glycerol |
Explanation:
(i) IUPAC name of ethylene glycol is ethane-1, 2-diol. It is primarily used as raw material in the manufacturing of polyester fibers and fabric industry. A small percentage of it is used in antifreeze formulations.
(ii) Ethanol is a good solvent for fatty and waxy substances. Fats and waxes provide odour to the perfumes. Apart from being a good solvent, it is less irritating to the skin. So, it is used in perfumes.
(iii) Phenol is converted into picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitro-phenol) by the reaction of phenol with cone. \[\ce{HNO3}\].
(iv) Methanol, \[\ce{CH3OH}\] is also known as ‘wood spirit’ as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.
(v) Neutral ferric chloride give purple/red colour when treated with phenols. It is the reagent used for detection of phenolic group.
(vi) Soaps are prepared by the reactions of fatty acid with \[\ce{NaOH}\].
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{O}\phantom{..........................................}\\
||\phantom{..........................................}\\
\ce{CH2 - O - C - OC17H35}\phantom{...........................}\phantom{.......}\ce{CH2OH}\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{.}
\phantom{.........}|\phantom{..........}\ce{O}\phantom{.............................................}|\phantom{.................}\\
||\phantom{...........................................}\\
\ce{CH - O - C - OC17H35 + 3NaOH -> \underset{(soap)}{\underset{Sodium stearate}{3C17H35COONa}} + CHOH}\phantom{..}\\
\phantom{..}|\phantom{.........................................................}|\phantom{.........}\\
\phantom{}\ce{CH2 - O - C -OC17H35}\phantom{..................................}\ce{\underset{Glycerol}{CH2OH}}\phantom{}\\
||\phantom{........................................}\\
\ce{O}\phantom{........................................}\\
\end{array}\]
The glycerol (propan-1, 2, 3-triol) is the by product of saop industry and used in cosmetics.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Write the mechanism of the following reaction :
\[\ce{C2H5OH->[H2SO4][443K]CH2=CH2 + H2O}\]
Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.
Among the following the one which reacts most readily with ethanol is:
If ethanol dissolves in water, then which of the following would be observed:
Wood spirit is known as acetone:
Phenol is less acidic than ______.
Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.}\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH - CH - CH3}\phantom{}\\
\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{.....}|\phantom{........}\\
\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{OH}\phantom{...}\ce{C2H5}\phantom{.}\ce{OH}\phantom{...}\end{array}\]
Name the enzymes and write the reactions involved in the preparation of ethanol from sucrose by fermentation.
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Methanol | (a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid |
| (ii) | Kolbe’s reaction | (b) Ethyl alcohol |
| (iii) | Williamson’s synthesis | (c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde |
| (iv) | Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone | (d) Wood spirit |
| (v) | Reimer-Tiemann reaction | (e) Heated copper at 573 K |
| (vi) | Fermentation | (f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide |
Assertion: Ethanol is a weaker acid than phenol.
Reason: Sodium ethoxide may be prepared by the reaction of ethanol with aqueous \[\ce{NaOH}\].
Which reagent can convert acetic acid into ethanol?
Tonics in general contain
Liquor poisoning is due to
Alcoholic fermentation is brought about by the action of
Which of the following is known as wood spirit?
How methanol is obtained from methanal.
Give IUPAC names of the following compounds:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH - CH2-OH }\\
|\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{Cl}\phantom{....}\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.....}
\end{array}\]
