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प्रश्न
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (b) Glycerol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (c) Methanol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (d) Phenol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (f) Ethanol |
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उत्तर
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Antifreeze used in car engine | (e) Ethleneglycol |
| (ii) | Solvent used in perfumes | (f) Ethanol |
| (iii) | Starting material for picric acid | (d) Phenol |
| (iv) | Wood spirit | (c) Methanol |
| (v) | Reagent used for detection of phenolic group | (a) Neutral ferric chloride |
| (vi) | By product of soap industry used in cosmetics | (b) Glycerol |
Explanation:
(i) IUPAC name of ethylene glycol is ethane-1, 2-diol. It is primarily used as raw material in the manufacturing of polyester fibers and fabric industry. A small percentage of it is used in antifreeze formulations.
(ii) Ethanol is a good solvent for fatty and waxy substances. Fats and waxes provide odour to the perfumes. Apart from being a good solvent, it is less irritating to the skin. So, it is used in perfumes.
(iii) Phenol is converted into picric acid (2, 4, 6-trinitro-phenol) by the reaction of phenol with cone. \[\ce{HNO3}\].
(iv) Methanol, \[\ce{CH3OH}\] is also known as ‘wood spirit’ as it was produced by the destructive distillation of wood.
(v) Neutral ferric chloride give purple/red colour when treated with phenols. It is the reagent used for detection of phenolic group.
(vi) Soaps are prepared by the reactions of fatty acid with \[\ce{NaOH}\].
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{O}\phantom{..........................................}\\
||\phantom{..........................................}\\
\ce{CH2 - O - C - OC17H35}\phantom{...........................}\phantom{.......}\ce{CH2OH}\phantom{.}\\
\phantom{.}
\phantom{.........}|\phantom{..........}\ce{O}\phantom{.............................................}|\phantom{.................}\\
||\phantom{...........................................}\\
\ce{CH - O - C - OC17H35 + 3NaOH -> \underset{(soap)}{\underset{Sodium stearate}{3C17H35COONa}} + CHOH}\phantom{..}\\
\phantom{..}|\phantom{.........................................................}|\phantom{.........}\\
\phantom{}\ce{CH2 - O - C -OC17H35}\phantom{..................................}\ce{\underset{Glycerol}{CH2OH}}\phantom{}\\
||\phantom{........................................}\\
\ce{O}\phantom{........................................}\\
\end{array}\]
The glycerol (propan-1, 2, 3-triol) is the by product of saop industry and used in cosmetics.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
How do you convert the following:
Ethanol to Propan-2-ol
Give simple chemical test to distinguish between Ethanol and Phenol.
If ethanol dissolves in water, then which of the following would be observed:
Which of the following is correct?
Wood spirit is known as acetone:
Phenol can be distinguished from ethanol by the reactions with:
(i) \[\ce{Br2/water}\]
(ii) \[\ce{Na}\]
(iii) Neutral \[\ce{FeCl3}\]
(iv) All the above
Write the IUPAC name of the following compound.
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\phantom{.}\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH - CH - CH3}\phantom{}\\
\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{.....}|\phantom{........}\\
\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{OH}\phantom{...}\ce{C2H5}\phantom{.}\ce{OH}\phantom{...}\end{array}\]
What is denatured alcohol?
Suggest a reagent for conversion of ethanol to ethanal.
Suggest a reagent for conversion of ethanol to ethanoic acid.
Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of acidity and give a suitable explanation.
Phenol, o-nitrophenol, o-cresol
Dipole moment of phenol is smaller than that of methanol. Why?
Match the items of column I with items of column II.
| Column I | Column II | |
| (i) | Methanol | (a) Conversion of phenol to o-hydroxysalicylic acid |
| (ii) | Kolbe’s reaction | (b) Ethyl alcohol |
| (iii) | Williamson’s synthesis | (c) Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde |
| (iv) | Conversion of 2° alcohol to ketone | (d) Wood spirit |
| (v) | Reimer-Tiemann reaction | (e) Heated copper at 573 K |
| (vi) | Fermentation | (f) Reaction of alkyl halide with sodium alkoxide |
Convert the following:
Propanenitrile to ethanol.
Alcoholic fermentation is brought about by the action of
If the starting material is 1-methyl-1,2-epoxy cyclopentane, of absolute configuration, decide which one compound correctly represents the product of its reaction with sodium methoxide in methanol.
How methanol is obtained from methanal.
Give IUPAC names of the following compounds:
\[\begin{array}{cc}
\ce{CH3 - CH - CH - CH - CH2-OH }\\
|\phantom{......}|\phantom{......}|\phantom{.......}\\
\ce{Cl}\phantom{....}\ce{CH3}\phantom{...}\ce{CH3}\phantom{.....}
\end{array}\]
