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प्रश्न
Explain the difference in properties of diamond and graphite on the basis of their structures.
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उत्तर १
| Diamond | Graphite |
| It has a crystalline lattice. | It has a layered structure |
| In diamond, each carbon atom is sp3 hybridised and is bonded to four other carbon atoms through a σ bond. | In graphite, each carbon atom is sp2hybridised and is bonded to three other carbon atoms through a σ bond. The fourth electron forms a π bond. |
| It is made up of tetrahedral units. | It has a planar geometry. |
| The C–C bond length in diamond is 154 pm. | The C–C bond length in graphite is 141.5 pm. |
| It has a rigid covalent bond network which is difficult to break. | It is quite soft and its layers can be separated easily. |
| It acts as an electrical insulator. | It is a good conductor of electricity. |
उत्तर २
Since diamond exists as a three-dimensional network solid, it is the hardest substance known with high density and high melting point.
Whereas in graphite, any two successive layers are held together by weak forces of attraction. This makes graphite soft.
In graphite, carbon atom is sp2 hybridized whereas in diamond, carbon atom is sp3 hybridized.
Unlike diamond, graphite is good conductor of heat and electricity.
संबंधित प्रश्न
Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of B to Tl.
Discuss the pattern of variation in the oxidation states of C to Pb.
Explain the following reaction.
Silicon is heated with methyl chloride at high temperature in the presence of copper.
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
Tl2O3
Rationalise the given statement and give a chemical reaction:
Lead (IV) chloride is highly unstable towards heat.
Rationalise the given statement and give a chemical reaction:
Lead is known not to form an iodide, PbI4.
Classify the following oxide as neutral, acidic, basic or amphoteric:
Al2O3
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
CO2
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
Al2O3
Write suitable chemical equations to show the nature of the following oxide.
PbO2
Catenation i.e., linking of similar atoms depends on size and electronic configuration of atoms. The tendency of catenation in Group 14 elements follows the order:
Explain the following:
Silicon forms \[\ce{SiF^{2-}6}\] ion whereas corresponding fluoro compound of carbon is not known.
Explain the following:
Carbon shows catenation property but lead does not.
Explain the following:
BF3 does not hydrolyse.
Explain the following:
Why does the element silicon, not form a graphite like structure whereas carbon does.
\[\ce{SiCl4 ->[H2O] (A) ->[\Delta] (B) ->[Na2CO3][heat] (C)}\]. The Compound C is ______.
Match List I with List II:
| List I | List II |
| Coke | Carbon atoms are sp3 hybridized. |
| Diamond | Used as a dry lubricant. |
| Fullerene | Used as a reducing agent. |
| Graphite | Cage like molecules |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
