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प्रश्न
Electromagnetic waves with wavelength
- λ1 is used in satellite communication.
- λ2 is used to kill germs in water purifies.
- λ3 is used to detect leakage of oil in underground pipelines.
- λ4 is used to improve visibility in runways during fog and mist conditions.
- Identify and name the part of electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong.
- Arrange these wavelengths in ascending order of their magnitude.
- Write one more application of each.
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उत्तर
a. (i) In satellite communications, microwave is widely used. Hence λ1, is the wavelength of microwave.
(ii) In water purifier, ultraviolet rays are used to kill germs. So, λ2 is the wavelength of UV rays.
(iii) X-rays are used to detect leakage of oil in underground pipelines. So, λ3 is the wavelength of X-rays.
(iv) Infrared rays are used to improve visibility on runways during fog and mist conditions. So, it is the wavelength of infrared waves.
b. Wavelength of X-rays < wavelength of UV < wavelength of infrared < wavelength of microwave.
⇒ λ3 < λ2 < λ4 < λ1
c.
| Radiation | Uses |
| γ-rays | Gives information on nuclear structure, medical treatment etc. |
| X-rays | Medical diagnosis and treatment study of crystal structure, industrial radiograph. |
| UV-rays | Preserve food, sterilizing the surgical instruments, detecting invisible writings, fingerprints etc. |
| Visible light | To see objects |
| Infrared rays | To treat, muscular strain from taking photography during the fog, haze etc. |
| Microwave and radio wave | In radar and telecommunication. |
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Give a reason for the following:
It is necessary to use satellites for long-distance TV transmission. Why?
Name the electromagnetic radiations used for (a) water purification, and (b) eye surgery.
What do you understand by the invisible spectrum?
Name the waves used for taking photographs in dark.
An electromagnetic wave has a frequency of 500 MHz and a wavelength of 60 cm Calculate the velocity of the wave.
Which part of electromagnetic spectrum is used in radar systems?
X-ray and visible light travel at the same speed in vacuum. Do they travel at the same speed in glass?
50% of the X-rays coming from a Coolidge tube are able to pass through a 0.1 mm thick aluminium foil. If the potential difference between the target and the filament is increased, the fraction of the X-rays passing through the same foil will be
For harder X-rays,
(a) the wavelength is higher
(b) the intensity is higher
(c) the frequency is higher
(d) the photon energy is higher.
X-ray incident on a material
(a) exerts a force on it
(b) transfers energy to it
(c) transfers momentum to it
(d) transfers impulse to it.
A certain element emits Kα X-ray of energy 3.69 keV. Use the data from the previous problem to identify the element.
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
The energy of a silver atom with a vacancy in K shell is 25.31 keV, in L shell is 3.56 keV and in M shell is 0.530 keV higher than the energy of the atom with no vacancy. Find the frequency of Kα, Kβ and Lα X-rays of silver.
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
An X-ray tube operates at 40 kV. Suppose the electron converts 70% of its energy into a photon at each collision. Find the lowest there wavelengths emitted from the tube. Neglect the energy imparted to the atom with which the electron collides.
(Use Planck constant h = 6.63 × 10-34 Js= 4.14 × 10-15 eVs, speed of light c = 3 × 108 m/s.)
Give one use of electromagnetic radiation in Microwaves.
Answer briefly.
Give two uses of ultraviolet rays.
X-rays, gamma rays and microwaves travelling in a vacuum have ______.
For television broadcasting, the frequency employed is normally
Why does microwave oven heats up a food item containing water molecules most efficiently?
Choose the correct option related to wavelengths (λ) of different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
