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प्रश्न
Answer the following question:
Which element of the first transition series has highest third ionisation enthalpy?
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उत्तर
Among the elements of first transition series zinc has the highest third ionisation enthalpy. Electronic configuration of zinc is: \[\ce{3d^10 4s^2}\]
After the loss of two electrons from 4s orbital, Z and +2 Ion acquires \[\ce{3d^10}\] fully filled configuration which is highly stable therefore removal of third electron from \[\ce{3d^10}\] orbital will be more difficult and requires a large amount of energy.
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संबंधित प्रश्न
Which metal in the first transition series (3d series) exhibits + 1 oxidation state most frequently and why?
Give reasons:
Transition metals show variable oxidation states.
Which of the 3d series of the transition metals exhibits the largest number of oxidation states and why?
Compare the general characteristics of the first series of the transition metals with those of the second and third series metals in the respective vertical columns. Give special emphasis on the following point:
Electronic configurations
Explain why Mn2+ is more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to +3 state. (At. no. of Mn = 25, Fe = 26)
Although Zirconium belongs to 4d transition series and Hafnium to 5d transition series even then they show similar physical and chemical properties because ______.
When a brown compound of manganese (A) is treated with \[\ce{HCl}\] it gives a gas (B). The gas taken in excess, reacts with \[\ce{NH3}\] to give an explosive compound (C). Identify compounds A, B and C.
A solution of \[\ce{KMnO4}\] on reduction yields either a colourless solution or a brown precipitate or a green solution depending on pH of the solution. What different stages of the reduction do these represent and how are they carried out?
Assertion: Separation of \[\ce{Zr}\] and \[\ce{Hf}\] is difficult.
Reason: Because \[\ce{Zr}\] and \[\ce{Hf}\] lie in the same group of the periodic table.
When a chromite ore (A) is fused with sodium carbonate in free excess of air and the product is dissolved in water, a yellow solution of compound (B) is obtained. After treatment of this yellow solution with sulphuric acid, compound (C) can be crystallised from the solution. When compound (C) is treated with KCl, orange crystals of compound (D) crystallise out. Identify A to D and also explain the reactions.
The orientation of an atomic orbital is governed by
The standard electrode potentials of four elements A, B, C and D are – 3.05, – 1.66, – 0.40 and + 0.80. The highest chemical reactivity will be exhibited by
The basic character of transition metals monoxide follow the order.
Assertion (A): Transition metals show their highest oxidation state with oxygen.
Reason (R): The ability of oxygen to form multiple bonds to metals.
Which of the following ions has the electronic configuration 3d6?
(Atomic number: Mn = 25, Co = 27, Ni = 28)
Write the number of unpaired electrons in Cr3+.
(Atomic number of Cr = 24)
Account for the following:
Eu2+ with electronic configuration [Xe]4f76s2 is a strong reducing agent.
In order to protect iron from corrosion, which one will you prefer as a sacrificial electrode, Ni or Zn? Why? (Given standard electrode potentials of Ni, Fe and Zn are -0.25 V, -0.44 V and -0.76 V respectively.)
Give a reason for the following:
Zinc, cadmium and mercury are considered as d-block elements but not regarded as transition elements.
Describe the oxidising action of potassium dichromate and write the ionic equation for its reaction with iron (II) solution.
