- Hunting was an early method used by humans to obtain food.
- Large-scale hunting has caused the extinction of many animal species.
- Commercial hunting is banned, and laws are made to protect wildlife.
- Some tribes like Bushmen, Pygmies, Eskimos, Sentinels, Jarawahs, and Onges still practice hunting for a livelihood.
Topics
Population : Part - 1
- Distribution of Population in India
- Patterns of Population Distribution in the World
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution - Physical Factors
- Geographical Factors Affecting Population Distribution - Human Factors
- Components of Population Change
- Trends in Population Growth
- Overview of Population : Part - 1
Population : Part - 2
- Population Composition
- Migration
- Reasons for Migration
- Impact of Migration on Population
- Overview of Population : Part - 2
Human Settlements and Land Use
- Human Settlements
- Types of Settlement
- Types of Urban Settlements
- Land Use
- Land Use Classification
- Land Use in Rural Area
- Land Use in Urban Areas
- Rural-urban Fringe
- Suburbs
- Overview of Human Settlements and Land Use
Primary Economic Activities
- Primary Occupations
- Hunting
- Gathering
- Lumbering
- Fishing
- Mining
- Agriculture
- Overview of Primary Economic Activities
Secondary Economic Activities
- Introduction to Secondary Activities
- Physical Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Economic Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Political Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Other Factors Affecting Secondary Economic Activities
- Footloose Industries
- Major Industrial Regions
- Major Industrial Regions
- Classification of Industries
- Overview of Secondary Economic Activities
Tertiary Economic Activities
- Classification of Tertiary Economic Activities
- Transport
- Concept of Trade
- Importance of Transport in Trade
- Tourism
- Communication
- Overview of Tertiary Economic Activities
Region and Regional Development
- Regions
- Types of Regions
- Regional Development
- Factors Affecting Regional Development
- Physical Factors and Regional Development
- Population and Regional Development
- Land Use and Regional Development
- Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Economic Activities and Regional Development
- Regional Imbalance
- Causes of Regional Imbalances in India
- Strategies to Reduce Regional Imbalance
- Overview of Region and Regional Development
Geography : Nature and Scope
- Nature of Geography as a Discipline
- Scope of Geography
- Latest Trends in Geography
- Overview of Geography : Nature and Scope
Estimated time: 17 minutes
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Hunting
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Gathering
- Many people depend on a collection of forest products for their livelihood.
- Products collected include fruits, roots, medicinal plants, gum, honey, wax, and rubber.
- Some forest products have high market demand and are collected on a commercial scale.
- In dense equatorial forests, collection is limited due to the humid climate and the presence of insects and reptiles.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Lumbering
- Lumbering is an important forest activity involving the cutting of trees for wood.
- Commercial lumbering is mostly done in coniferous forests, where tall trees of one species grow.
- Tropical forests have hardwood trees, but large-scale lumbering is difficult there.
- Excessive use of wood has reduced forest cover and caused environmental problems.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Fishing
- Fishing is an important primary activity, especially in coastal areas.
- Fishing develops in areas with wide continental shelves and shallow waters.
- The meeting of warm and cold ocean currents creates rich fishing grounds.
- Human factors like traditional skills, a large population, and a lack of other jobs support fishing.
- Use of modern technology, good ports, and cold climate helps in fish preservation and increases fishing activity.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Animal Husbandry
- Animal husbandry is mainly developed between 30° to 60° latitudes in both hemispheres.
- It depends on the climate and the availability of grasslands.
- It is highly developed on a commercial scale in North America, South America, and Australia.
- Dense forests, poor climate, and low-quality fodder limit animal husbandry in equatorial regions.
- Animal husbandry is often carried out along with agriculture as an allied activity.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Mining
- Mining is the extraction of minerals from the earth, used since ancient times.
- Human development (Stone Age, Iron Age, etc.) is linked to the use of minerals.
- Minerals are unevenly distributed and cannot be manufactured by humans.
- Mining depends on factors like geology, value of minerals, technology, capital, and labour.
- Mining supports industries and transportation, leading to economic development.
Maharashtra State Board: Class 12
Key Points: Primary Occupations> Agriculture
- The percentage of people engaged in agriculture is highest in Africa and Asia.
- Developed countries have less population in agriculture, while developing countries have more.
- Agriculture depends on physical factors like climate, soil, and topography.
- It also depends on economic and social factors like labour, market, capital, transport, and government policies.
- Modern methods like greenhouses, high-yielding seeds, fertilisers, and insecticides increase agricultural production.
