HSC Science Class 11 - Tamil Nadu Board of Secondary Education Question Bank Solutions

Explain the second law of thermodynamics in terms of entropy.

Suppose a person wants to increase the efficiency of the reversible heat engine that is operating between 100°C and 300°C. He had two ways to increase efficiency.

1. By decreasing the cold reservoir temperature from 100°C to 50°C and keeping the hot reservoir temperature constant
2. by increasing the temperature of the hot reservoir from 300°C to 350°C by keeping the cold reservoir temperature constant.

Which is the suitable method?

A Carnot engine whose efficiency is 45% takes heat from a source maintained at a temperature of 327°C. To have an engine of efficiency of 60% what must be the intake temperature for the same exhaust (sink) temperature?

For a given gas molecule at a fixed temperature, the area under the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve is equal to ____________.

Explain in detail the Maxwell Boltzmann distribution function.

An object is dropped in an unknown planet from a height of 50 m, it reaches the ground in 2 s. The acceleration due to gravity in this unknown planet is ______

Define velocity.

Define acceleration.

What is the difference between velocity and average velocity?

Define angular velocity.

Derive the expression for centripetal acceleration.

Calculate the average velocity of the particle whose position vector changes from `vecr_1 = 5hati + 6hatj`  to `vecr_2 = 2hati + 3hatj` in a time 5 second.

The following table gives the range of a particle when thrown on different planets. All the particles are thrown at the same angle with the horizontal and with the same initial speed. Arrange the planets in ascending order according to their acceleration due to gravity, (g value).

The following graphs represent the velocity-time graph. Identify what kind of motion a particle undergoes in each graph.

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

An ideal refrigerator has a freezer at a temperature of −12°C. The coefficient of performance of the engine is 5. The temperature of the air (to which the heat ejected) is ____________.

Define the coefficient of performance.

Explain in detail the working of a refrigerator.

An ideal refrigerator keeps its content at 0°C while the room temperature is 27°C. Calculate its coefficient of performance.

A container has one mole of the monoatomic ideal gas. Each molecule has f degrees of freedom. What is the ratio of γ = `"C"_"p"/"C"_"v"`?

A sample of gas consists of μ₁ moles of monoatomic molecules, μ₂ moles of diatomic molecules and μ₃ moles of linear triatomic molecules. The gas is kept at a high temperature. What is the total number of degrees of freedom?