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The following table shows the test a student performed on four different aqueous solutions which are X, Y, Z and W. Based on the observations provided, identify the cation present:
| Chemical test | Observation | Conclusion |
| To solution X, ammonium hydroxide is added in minimum quantity first and then in excess |
A dirty white precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess to form a clear solution |
(1) |
| To solution Y ammonium hydroxide is added in the minimum quantity first and then in excess |
A pale blue precipitate is formed which dissolves in excess to form a clear inky blue solution. |
(2) |
| To solution W a small quantity of sodium hydroxide solution is added and then in excess. |
A white precipitate is formed which remains insoluble. |
(3) |
| To a salt Z calcium hydroxide the solution is added and then heated. |
A pungent smelling gas turning moist red litmus paper blue is obtained. |
(4) |
Concept: Coordinate Bond
An element L consists of molecules.
What type of bonding is present in the particles that make up L?
Concept: The Covalent Bond
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
A compound X consists of only molecules. Hence, X will have
A. A crystalline hard structure
B. A low melting point and low boiling point
C. An ionic bond
D. A strong force of attraction between its molecules
Concept: Coordinate Bond
Draw an electron dot diagram for the formation of the following. State the type of bonding present in them.
Ammonium ion
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
Draw the electron dot diagram and structure of methane.
Concept: The Covalent Bond
The general formula of hydrocarbons with single covalent bonds is ______.
Concept: Types of Covalent Bonds
Non-polar covalent compounds are ______ conductors of heat and electricity.
Concept: The Covalent Bond
Draw the electron dot structure for the following:
A molecular nitrogen
[At. No. : N = 7, H = 1]
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
Draw the electron dot structure of Methane molecule.
[Atomic number: N = 7, C = 6, H = 1]
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
Draw the electron dot structure of Nitrogen molecule.
[Atomic number: N = 7, C = 6, H = 1]
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
Give reason for the following:
Covalent compounds have a low melting and boiling point.
Concept: Coordinate Bond
Carbon tetrachloride is a ______ covalent molecule.
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
The following table shows the electronic configuration of the atoms A, B, C and D.
| Element | A | B | C | D |
| Electronic configuration | 2, 8, 8, 2 | 2, 6 | 2, 8, 7 | 2, 4 |
- Write the formula of the compound formed between:
- A and B
- D and C
- Which of the above elements will exhibit catenation?
Concept: Formation of Covalent Bond
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction of sodium hydroxide solution with iron (III) chloride solution
Concept: Acids
Three solutions P, Q and R have pH value of 3.5, 5.2 and 12.2 respectively. Which one of these is a:
1) Weak acid?
2) Strong alkali?
Concept: Acids
State one observation for each of the following :
A small piece of zinc is added to dilute hydrochloric acid
Concept: Acids
Give the appropriate term defined by the statements given below :
The substance that releases hydronium ion as the only positive ion when dissolved in water.
Concept: Acids
Name the particles present in :
Weak electrolyte
Concept: Acids
The metal that will not produce hydrogen gas when reacted with dilute acids.
Concept: Properties of Acids > Physical Properties
