Question

Write short note on the following.
Any five principles of scientific management.

Answer 1

Introduction: -Frederick Winslow Taylor was an American mechanical engineer. He developed the scientific management theory. He experimented in the Midvale Steel Company in USA in early 20^thcentury. His scientific management is accepted initially in USA and then in European countries and all over the world. Due to his scientific approach towards the management, he is called the "Father of Scientific Management".

Taylor's Principles are based on following four areas:                                         

1. Observation and analysis of each task.
2. Determination of the standard of work.
3. Selecting and training people to perform the job.
4. Ensuring that the work is done in the most efficient manner.

Answer 2

The following are the five principles of scientific management:
i. Science, not a rule of thumb - The principle states that instead of rule-of-thumb methods, scientific management practices should be followed. Taylor suggested that a study of traditional methods should be undertaken and the best method/solution should be adopted by all managers.
ii. Cooperation between management and employees - Taylor emphasised managers and workers should maintain a harmonious work environment. They should realise their interdependence and work in amity.
iii. Division of responsibility - This principle emphasised that the work and the responsibility should be divided between the managers and the employees according to their role and nature. This would ensure efficiency and effectiveness in work.
iv. Scientific selection, training and development of workers - Taylor suggested that selection of employees is an important task for a manager. According to him, the selection procedure should be perfect and various points should be considered such as defining the requirements clearly and motivating employees to improve his/her efficiency.
v. Mental revolution - Mental revolution implies changing the attitude of workers and managers and improving their thinking to create a better working environment. According to it, management should take care of the needs of the workers and share benefits with them; workers, in turn, should put in their best efforts.