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Question
Write brief statement explaining the following:
People living in hilly region usually suffer from simple goitre.
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Solution
People living in hilly regions often suffer from simple goitre because the soil and water in these areas are typically iodine-deficient. Since iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormones, this chronic deficiency leads to the enlargement of the thyroid gland, known as simple goitre, as the gland attempts to compensate for the lack of iodine.
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RELATED QUESTIONS
Given below is a table designed to give the names of the glands, the hormones produced, their chief functions, the effects of oversecretion and undersecretion in respect of thyroid, pituitary and pancreas. Fill up the blanks 1–13.
| S.No. | Source Gland cells | Hormone produced | Chief function | Effect of oversecretion | Effect of undersecretion |
| 1 | (1) ______ | Thyroxine | (2) ______ | (3) ______ | (4) ______ |
| 2 | Beta cells of Islets of Langerhans | (5) ______ | Promotes glucose utilisation by the body cells | (6) ______ | (7) ______ |
| 3 | (8) ______ | Growth hormone | (9) ______ | (10) ______ | Dwarfism |
| 4 | (11) ______ | Vasopressin | Increases reabsorption of water from kidney tubule | (12) ______ | (13) ______ |
Fill in the Blanks:
Lack of iodine in diet causes ______.
Mention, if the following statement is True or False. If false rewrite the wrong statement in its correct form:
Thyroxin regulates metabolism.
Short answer question
Which are the 2 types of goitre? What are its causes?
Name the endocrine gland that produces calcitonin and mention the role played by this hormone.
On an educational trip to Uttaranchal, Ketki and her friends observe that many local people were having swollen necks. Please help Ketki and her friends to find out the solutions to the following questions.
What effect does this condition have on pregnancy?
Mention the difference between hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
Match the items given in Column I with the most appropriate ones in Column II and rewrite the correct Matching pairs:
| Column I | Column II | ||
| (a) | Hyposecretion of Thyroxine in adults | 1. | Diabetes insipidus |
| (b) | Hyposecretion of Insulin | 2. | Myxedema |
| (c) | Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone in Childhood | 3. | Dwarfism |
| (d) | Hyposecretion of ADH | 4. | Gigantism |
| (e) | Hypersecretion of Thyroxine | 5. | Diabetes mellitus |
| 6. | Exophthalmic goitre | ||
| 7. | Cretinism | ||
Thyroid is located close to ______.
Define the following term:
Myxoedema
