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Question
Write an answer to the following question in your own words.
Where are the methods of separation by distillation and by separating funnel used? Why?
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Solution
Distillation and separating funnels are used in the separation of liquid mixtures. Distillation is a method that is used for separating two miscible liquids. It is based on the difference in the boiling points of two liquids. Distillation can either be simple or fractional. Simple distillation can be used for liquids that have a huge difference in their boiling points, whereas fractional distillation is used in the case of liquids that have close boiling points. Distillation can be used in the production of gasoline, distilled water, xylene, alcohol, paraffin, and kerosene, apart from separating mixtures.
Separation using separating funnels is used in the case of immiscible liquids. It is based on the difference in the density of the two liquids. It can be used in the separation of oil from water, etc, two different types of immiscible oils, etc.
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Fractional distillation :
Write an answer to the following question in your own words.
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Assertion (A): Simple distillation can help in separating a mixture of propan-1-ol (boiling point 97°C) and propanone (boiling point 56°C).
Reason (R): Liquids with a difference of more than 20°C in their boiling points can be separated by simple distillation.
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Explain the factors, which will affect the rate of evaporation, taking examples from our daily life experiences.
A mixture of benzene and chloroform is separated by ______.
