Question

Write a short note on variations.

Answer 1

Variation is the process by which organisms of the same species differ from each other. It is crucial for evolution, as it provides the raw material for natural selection to act upon. Variations may be small and continuous or sudden and large, and can be caused by genetic mutations, recombination during sexual reproduction, and environmental factors. Only heritable variations contribute to evolution, while non-heritable variations affect only the individual organism. Variations can involve changes in chromosome number or structure as well as gene-level differences.