Question

With the help of suitable examples, show how the environment influences the behaviour of organisms and also how the organisms influence the environment of their surroundings.

Answer 1

1. The environment influences the behavior of organisms by providing cues for timing activities like foraging, reproduction, and migration.
2. For example, animals respond to diurnal and seasonal variations in light intensity to regulate these activities.
3. On the other hand, organisms also influence their surroundings; for instance, photosynthesising organisms increase atmospheric oxygen, changing the context for other life forms.
4. Thus, there is a dynamic interaction where the environment shapes organism behavior and organisms modify the environment.