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Question
While separating a mixture of ortho and para nitrophenols by steam distillation, name the isomer which will be steam volatile. Give reason.
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Solution
The ortho and para isomers can be separated by steam distillation. o-Nitrophenol is steam volatile due to intramolecular hydrogen bonding, while p-nitrophenol is less volatile due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding, which causes the association of molecules.
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