Question

Which of the following is caused by intrinsic replication errors and tautomeric shifts?

Options

• Physical mutagen-induced mutations

• Spontaneous mutations

• Chemical mutagen-induced mutations

• Induced mutations

Answer 1

Spontaneous mutations occur naturally without external influence and are caused by intrinsic replication errors, tautomeric shifts in nitrogenous bases, and spontaneous chemical changes in DNA. These mutations arise from internal cellular processes rather than exposure to external mutagens.