Question

Which genetic markers in amniotic fluid are elevated in cases of spina bifida?

Options

• Elevated maternal serum beta-hCG alone

• Elevated AFP and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in amniotic fluid

• Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit values

• Elevated insulin and glucose levels only

Answer 1

Spina bifida, a neural tube defect, is characterized by elevated levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in amniotic fluid. The presence of AChE is particularly specific for neural tube defects and helps distinguish them from other causes of elevated AFP.