Question

What percentage of energy available at T1 (producers) is typically available at T2 (primary consumers)?

Options

• Approximately 100%

• Approximately 10%

• Approximately 50%

• Approximately 90%

Answer 1

At T2 (primary consumers), approximately 10% of the energy available at T1 (producers) is retained. This massive loss occurs because energy is used for metabolism, heat production, and movement, demonstrating why higher trophic levels support fewer organisms than lower levels.