Question

What does the phrase ‘divide and rule’ mean? Give examples of how this was used by the British in India?

Answer 1

“Divide and Rule” was a strategy used by the British to maintain their control over India by creating or increasing divisions among Indians. They encouraged differences based on religion, caste, region, and class so that Indians would remain divided and find it difficult to unite against British rule.

Examples of “Divide and Rule” Policy in India:

Strategy	Description
Hindu-Muslim Divide	The British often portrayed Hindus and Muslims as different and opposing communities. This led to growing mistrust and later the partition of Bengal in 1905.
Princely States vs. British India	The British kept Indian princes loyal by giving them gifts, titles, or autonomy. This helped prevent a united Indian front.