A solute is the component of a solution that is present in a smaller amount and is dissolved by the solvent. It may be a solid, liquid, or gas, and it spreads uniformly throughout the solvent to form a homogeneous mixture. For example, in a sugar solution, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent.
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Question
What do you understand by the term solute with reference to a solution?
Short Answer
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Solution
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Pragya tested the solubility of three different substances at different temperatures and collected the data as given below (results are given in the following table, as grams of substance dissolved in 100 grams of water to form a saturated solution).
| Substance dissolved | Temperature in K | ||||
| 283 | 293 | 313 | 333 | 353 | |
| Solubility | |||||
| Potassium nitrate | 21 | 32 | 62 | 106 | 167 |
| Sodium chloride | 36 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 |
| Potassium chloride | 35 | 35 | 40 | 46 | 54 |
| Ammonium chloride | 24 | 37 | 41 | 55 | 66 |
- What mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution of potassium nitrate in 50 grams of water at 313 K?
- Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water at 353 K and leaves the solution to cool at room temperature. What would she observe as the solution cools? Explain.
- Find the solubility of each salt at 293 K. What salt has the highest solubility at this temperature?
- What is the effect of change of temperature on the solubility of a salt?
Identify the solutions among the following mixtures.
- Soil
- Sea water
- Air
- Coal
- Soda water
Explain the following giving an example.
Suspension
The number of components in a binary solution is ______
The component present in a lesser amount, in a solution, is called ______
Define the term solution.
Give an example of gas in gas.
Name the process associated with the following
A potassium permanganate crystal is in a beaker and water is poured into the beaker with stirring.
Arun has prepared a 0.01% (by mass) solution of sodium chloride in water. Which of the following correctly represents the composition of the solutions?
______ is the major difference between true solutions, suspensions, and colloids.
