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Question
What do you understand by a species? Outline the ways in which new species arise.
Long Answer
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Solution
A species is the smallest group that a biologist can differentiate. Any group of related creatures that can mate and generate viable offspring that can interbreed is referred to as a species. A species is now defined as “a recognizable lineage, a collection of organisms that shares a unique evolutionary history and is held together by the cohesive forces of reproduction, development, and ecology.”
The way in which variation, natural selection, and adaptation lead to the evolution of a new species may be summarised as follows:
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