Question

What are various ways to avoid pregnancy? Elaborate any one method.

Answer 1

Method to avoid pregnancy is called contraception. The techniques used for successful contraception are called contraceptive methods or contraceptive devices.
Various methods to avoid pregnancy are:

• Barrier methods/Mechanical barriers
• Chemical methods
• Intra-uterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs)
• Surgical methods

 

• Mechanical barriers : This method of contraception prevent the meeting of the sperms with egg. The most common mechanical barrier is condoms. The condom acts as mechanical barrier between an egg and a sperm and prevents fertilization. It is particularly useful because it not only prevents pregnancy but also the spread of sexually transmitted diseases.
• Chemical methods : The production of gametes, fertilization, and implantation of the fertilized egg are all processes that are controlled by hormones. Chemical drugs that alter the hormonal balance of the female body can prevent release of egg and fertilization. These drugs are available in the form of pills that can be taken orally. 
• Contraceptive devices : Devices such as loop or copper-T are also drug-based contraceptive methods. They are placed inside the uterus to prevent fertilization.
• Surgical methods : Surgery can block the release of sperm or the egg. They are safe methods in the long run if performed by competent medical professionals. In vasectomy, vas deference are cut and tied which ensures sperms are absent in semen.
  In tubectomy, fallopian tubes are cut and tied which prevents ovum reaching the uterus.