Advertisements
Advertisements
Question
Using Raoult’s law explain how the total vapour pressure over the solution is related to mole fraction of components in the following solutions.
\[\ce{NaCl(s) and H2O(l)}\]
Advertisements
Solution
For a solution containing non-volatile solute i.e. \[\ce{NaCl(s) and H2O(l)}\], the Raoult's law is applicable only to vaporisable component (1) i.e. \[\ce{H2O(l)}\] and total vapur pressure is written as
`p = p_1 = x_1p_1^0`
where `p_1^0` represents the vapour pressure of pure \[\ce{H2O(l)}\]
APPEARS IN
RELATED QUESTIONS
In non-ideal solution, what type of deviation shows the formation of maximum boiling azeotropes?
What is meant by positive deviations from Raoult's law? Give an example. What is the sign of ∆mixH for positive deviation?
Define azeotropes.
Why does a solution containing non-volatile solute have higher boiling point than the pure solvent ?
Calculate the mass of a non-volatile solute (molar mass 40 g mol−1) which should be dissolved in 114 g octane to reduce its vapour pressure to 80%.
A solution containing 30 g of non-volatile solute exactly in 90 g of water has a vapour pressure of 2.8 kPa at 298 K. Further, 18 g of water is then added to the solution and the new vapour pressure becomes 2.9 kPa at 298 K. Calculate:
- molar mass of the solute.
- vapour pressure of water at 298 K.
Benzene and toluene form ideal solution over the entire range of composition. The vapour pressure of pure benzene and toluene at 300 K are 50.71 mm Hg and 32.06 mm Hg respectively. Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in vapour phase if 80 g of benzene is mixed with 100 g of toluene.
What type of azeotrope is formed by positive deviation from Raoult’s law?
Some liquids on mixing form 'azeotropes'. What are 'azeotropes'?
What will be the vapour pressure of a solution containing 5 moles of sucrose (C12H22O11) in 1 kg of water, if the vapour pressure of pure water is 4.57 mm of Hg? [C = 12, H = 1, O = 16]
At equilibrium the rate of dissolution of a solid solute in a volatile liquid solvent is ______.
Considering the formation, breaking and strength of hydrogen bond, predict which of the following mixtures will show a positive deviation from Raoult’s law?
On the basis of information given below mark the correct option.
(A) In bromoethane and chloroethane mixture intermolecular interactions of A–A and B–B type are nearly same as A–B type interactions.
(B) In ethanol and acetone mixture A–A or B–B type intermolecular interactions are stronger than A–B type interactions.
(C) In chloroform and acetone mixture A–A or B–B type intermolecular interactions are weaker than A–B type interactions.
An azeotropic mixture of two liquids will have a boiling point lower than either of the two liquids when it ______.
