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Karnataka Board PUCPUC Science Class 11

The Free Electrons in a Conducting Wire Are in Constant Thermal Motion. If Such a Wire, Carrying No Current, is Placed in a Magnetic Field, is There a Magnetic Force on - Physics

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Question

The free electrons in a conducting wire are in constant thermal motion. If such a wire, carrying no current, is placed in a magnetic field, is there a magnetic force on each free electron? Is there a magnetic force on the wire?

Short/Brief Note
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Solution

As the electrons are in motion, there is a magnetic force acting on them individually. But the current through the wire  represents the collective motion of all the electrons that are moving or vibrating very randomly; so, overall effect is negligible. Hence there is no net magnetic force on the wire.
Also, F = LLB sin (θ)
So, if the current in the wire is zero, then the force experienced by the wire will also be zero.

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Chapter 12: Magnetic Field - Short Answers [Page 229]

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HC Verma Concepts of Physics Vol. 2 [English] Class 11 and 12
Chapter 12 Magnetic Field
Short Answers | Q 4 | Page 229
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